590 Bulletin 47, United States National Mueum. 



upper jaw when the mouth is closed, a distance equal to i the eye. Nos- 

 trils about midway between eye and tip of snout. Gill laminae all well 

 developed, increasing in size backward, not entirely concealed by the 

 opercular bones. Gill rakers minute scattered spines. Distance of vent 

 from base of caudal 6| times in the total length ; anal beginning 

 immediately behind vent and extending nearly to base of tail ; dorsal 

 immediately over anal ; the sixth and longest ray of ventral f length of 

 head ; pectorals of both sides have been torn off in the type. Two rows 

 of minute photophores similar to those in E. barbatum and similarly situa- 

 ted. Pearl-colored spot above the maxilla, beginning at the hind margin 

 of the eye ; its length about f that of the eye. Color very dark, inside 

 of the mouth black. Middle of the Gulf of Mexico in 420 fathoms. The 

 single type is in bad condition. There is no doubt that the species is 

 distinct from Echiostoma barbatum, as it has very small subequal teeth. 

 Length 13 inches. (Goode & Bean.) (/uapyapirric, pearl.) 



Echiostoma margarita, GOODE & BEAN, Oceanic Ichthyology, 109, fig. 131, 1895, Gulf of Mexico. 

 (Type, No. 39292. Coll. Albatross.) 



281. GRAMMATOSTOMIAS, Goode & Bean. 



Grammalostomias, GOODE & BEAN, Oceanic Ichthyology, 110, 1895, (denlatus). 



Similar in general appearance to Echiostoma. Head short, compressed- 

 Body compressed, moderately elongate. Dorsal and anal with numerous 

 rays, placed opposite each other and close to the root of the caudal ; 

 ventrals in advance of the middle of the body, at a great distance from 

 the vent; pectorals placed near the abdominal outline, consisting of a 

 short filament very slightly separated from the rest of the fin, and 

 several rays connected by a membrane. Two rows of minute phosphor- 

 escent spots on the body similar to those in Echiostoma. A very long and 

 slender hyoid barbel. Mandibular teeth very unequal in size, compara- 

 tively few in number, arranged in 2 rows, an outer row of fixed teeth 

 and an inner row of depressible ones; the first pair, near tip of mandi- 

 ble, very greatly enlarged and passing outside of the upper jaw when the 

 mouth is closed. Premaxillary teeth uniserial or nearly so, the edge of 

 the bone posteriorly with minute cirri; a pair of small, fixed, curved 

 fangs in front, followed by a pair of larger movable ones; vomer tooth- 

 less ; palatines with several weak teeth; no lingual teeth. Upper 

 pharyngeals present. A pearl-colored spot on cheek, similar to that in 

 Echiostoma. Four gills, a short, narrow slit behind the fourth ; gill 

 rakers not numerous, short, spine-like; gill laminae increasing in size 

 backward. A series of pigment cells along the median line of the body, 

 so arranged as to simulate a lateral line. Eye small, caudal lobes appar- 

 ently unequaL Skin naked, its whole surface sprinkled with minute 

 raised pigment spots, each with a light center, (-ypdfj.fj.ct, a line ; Stomias.) 



886. GRAMMATOSTOMIAS DENTATUS, Goode & Bean. 



Depth 7; eye 5, as long as snout.. D. 20; A. 24; V. 7; P. 1 + 3; C. 17. 

 Upper jaw long and slender, its length 6| times in the total ; length of 

 mandible 5f times in the total ; nostrils a little nearer eye than 



