Jordan and Evermann. Fishes of North America. 733 



margin of orbit and last caudal vertebra; last rays of dorsal and anal 

 fins opposite each other ; base of anal slightly shorter than that of dorsal ; 

 dorsal rather high, its longest ray 1? in head ; longest ray of anal If in 

 head. Color brownish above, silvery below ; pectorals and ventrals mar- 

 bled with black ; dorsal with a black spot on upper part of its anterior 

 rays ; lower caudal lobe with a black spot about \ distance from its base; 

 breast with 3 black cross bands ; anal fin white. Open seas, rarely taken 

 on our Atlantic Coast ; only youngspecimens known ; possibly the young of 

 Exocoetus rondeletii. (exsilitns, leaping out, a name given by Miiller in 

 1776, changed by Gmelin into '* exiliens.") 



Exoartus exsiliens, PHILIP LUDWIG STATIUS MULLEB, Nuremberg Ed. Linnaeus Syst. Nat., 209, 1776, 



Carolina. 

 Exocoetus exiliens, GMELIN, Systema Naturae, 1400, 1788, Carolina; GUNTHEB, Cat., vi, 291, 1866; 



JORDAN & MEEK, I. c., 54. 



Exociftus fasciatus, LE SUEUE, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1821, 10, pi. 4, fig. 2, Atlantic. 

 ExocoRtus lamellifer, KNEE & STEINDACHNEB, Neue Fische Mus. Godeff, 29, 1866, 12 S., 33 W.; 



LtJTKEN, Vid. Medd. Naturh. Foren., 405, 11, 1876. 



1081. EXOCCETTJS RONDELETII, Cuvier & Valenciennes. 



Head 4| in length of body; depth 5i. D. 11; A. 11 or 12; scales 50, 

 25 before ventrals, and 28 before dorsal ; snout short and blunt, 4 in head ; 

 eye 3| ; interorbital space 2. * Second ray of pectoral simple as well as 

 the first and about half longer than first ; anal fin opposite dorsal and 

 about as long; ventral fins inserted midway between middle of preopercle 

 and last caudal vertebra ; ventrals 3i in body, their tips reaching last rays 

 of anal ; length of pectorals If in body, their tips reaching nearly to 

 base of caudal fin ; first ray of pectoral about half length of longest ray j 

 dorsal moderate, its longest rays 2f in head. Pectoral fins uniform dusky, 

 with paler edgings; ventrals nearly black mesially, darker on their pos- 

 terior half; no black markings on dorsal and anal fins. Length 11 inches. 

 Tropical seas, north to Florida, France, and Acapulco, (Liitken) ; not 

 uncommon in the West Indies and in Southern Europe. (Named for 

 Guillaume Rondelet, one of the fathers of ichthyology.) (Eu.) 



Mugil alatus, RONDELET, De Piscibus, ix, 207, 1554, France. 



Exocoetus rondeletii, CVVIEB & VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., xix, 115, 1846, Naples; Sicily; 



Canaries; GUNTHEE, Cat., vi, 293, 1866; VINCIGUEBBA, f Risultati del Violante, 110, 1883; 



JOBDAN & MEEK, I. c., 55. 



Exocoetus brachycephalu*, GUNTHEE, Cat., vi, 297, 1866, China; LUTKEN, I. c., 110, 405, 1876. 

 Exoccetus exiliens, JOBDAN & GILBEBT, Synopsis, 380, 1883; not of LINN^US. 

 Exocoetus volador, JOBPAN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1884, 34, Pensacola. (Type, No. 34975. 



Coll. Stearns.) 



* This species is subject to some variations, or else, as Dr. Lutken suggests, we are uncertain as to 

 the number of real species that group themselves around its type. In the typical specimen of 

 Exoccefus volador, 9% inches long, the first ray of the pectoral is about half the fin, the second 

 ray %. In a smaller specimen, 7 inches long, from the Atlantic, the first ray is % the longest 

 ray, or about half the second. Liitken finds the first ray scarcely % the longest, the second 

 about half the longest, and not %the third ray. In other specimens he records notable varia- 

 tions in these regards. This species may possibly prove to be the adult of E. exsiliens. 



j-Dr. Vinciguerra has shown from the examination of type specimens, that this species is the 

 original Exocoztus rondeleti instead of the next, as was supposed by Liitken and Bleeker. 



