828 Bulletin 47, United States National Museum. 



Polistonemus, Polynemus, and Polydactylus] the last 2 only are found in 

 America; species about 25, inhabiting sandy shores of tropical seas, and 

 sometimes entering rivers. Most of them are valued as food-fishes, their 

 flesh resembling that of the Scicenidce. The relations of this peculiar fam- 

 ily appear to be with the Scicenidce on the one hand, and with the Mugilidce 

 on the other, but all these resemblances may be superficial. (Polynemidce, 

 Giinther, Cat., n, 331-340, 1860.) 



a. Anal fin much longer than soft dorsal, of about 30 rays; vomer without teeth; preopercu- 

 lum entire; free filaments of pectorals longer than body. POLYNEMUS, 370. 



aa. Anal fin not much longer than soft dorsal, of about 13 or 14 rays; vomer with teeth; pre- 

 operculum serrate; free filaments of pectorals mostly shorter than body. 



POLYDACTYLUS, 371. 



370. POLYNEMUS (Gronow) Linnaeus. 



Polynemus, GRONOW, Mus. Ichthyol., 31, 1754, (quinquarius). 



Pentanemus, ARTEDI, Sebae Thesaurus, in, 74, 1758, (quinquarius). 



Polynemus, LINNAEUS, Syst. Nat , Ed. x, 1758, 317, (in part; quinquarius; virginicus; paradisseut). 



Pentanemus, GUNTHER, Cat., n, 331, I860, (quinquarius). 



Polynemus, GILL, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 272, 1861, (restricted to quinquarius). 



Anal fin much longer than soft dorsal, of about 30 rays ; vomer without 

 teeth; preoperculum entire ; free filaments of pectorals longer than body. 

 In other respects essentially as in Polydactylus. (no/tvc; , many ; t^/za, 

 thread.) 



1206. POLYNEMUS QUINQTJARIUS, Linnaeus. 



D. YIII-I, 12; A. Ill, 30; scales 7-73-17. Anal fin much longer than 

 soft dorsal, of about 30 rays; vomer without teeth ; preoperculum entire; 

 free filaments of pectorals 5 in number, longer than body. Atlantic 

 Ocean ; West Indies to coast of Africa ; recorded from Cuba, Ashantee, 

 and the Kiver Niger ; very rare, and for a long time unknown in collec- 

 tions; not seen by us. (quinquarius, from the Latin quinque, five.) 



Polynemus, GRONOW, Mus. Ichthyol., 31, 1754, American Ocean, from a specimen in the 



Museum of Seba. 



Pentanemus, ARTEDI, "Sebae Thesaurus, in, 74, 1758," Museum of Seba. 

 Polynemus quinquarius, LINNAEUS, Syst. Nat., Ed. x, 1758, 317, America; after GRONOW; GRONOW, 



Cat., Ed. Gray, 176, 1S54, " Oceano America." 

 Pentanemus quinquarius, GUNTHER, Cat., n, 331, 1860; from Cuba. 

 Polynemus artcdii, BENNETT, Proc. Zoiil. Soc., 1831, 146, Africa. 

 Polynemus macronemus, PEL, Bydrage tot de Dierk., 9, 1851, Africa. 



371. POLYDACTYLUS, Lacepede. 

 (BARBUDOS.) 



Trichidion, KLEIN, Historia Piscium, Missus., v, 28, 1749, (Piracoaba, 'M.A.RCGn&VE = 

 (non -binomial). 



Polynemus, LINNJEUS, Syst. Nat., Ed. x, 1758, 317, (in part, quinquarius; virginicus; paradisseus). 



Polydactylus, LACEPEDE, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vm, 181, 1832, (plumieri = virginicus), thus leaving Poly- 

 nemus as the name of quinquarius. 



Polynemus, GUNTHER, Cat., n, 319, 1860, (paradisseus). 



Trichidwn, GILL, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1861,274, (plumieri = virginicus). 



