Jordan and Evermann. Fishes of North America. 865 



<j<j. Vomer toothless; palatines with a single row of rather strong, conical teeth; 



body elongate, slightly compressed; vertebra} 50 to 54. SARDA, 393. 



/. Teeth of jaws strong, subtriangular or knife-like, more or less compressed ; villi- 



form teeth on vomer and palatines; gill rakers comparatively few; corselet 



obscure; pectorals inserted near level of eye; dorsal spines 14 to 18; body 



elongate, compressed; head short: snout short; vertebrae 45. 



SCOMBEROMORUS, 394. 



ACANTIIOCYRIIN.K : 



bb. Dorsal opines about 25; gills with the lamina) forming a network as in Xiphias; teeth 



largo, compressed, serrated. 

 i. Dorsal spines 24 to 2G; body elongate, fusiform; snout long; vertebra) 32 + 34 = 66. 



ACANTHOCYBIUM, 395. 



388. SCOMBER (Artedi) Linnaeus. 

 (MACKERELS.) 



Scomber (ARTEDI) LINN.T.US, Syst. Nat., Ed. x, 297, 1758, (scombrns). 



Cordylus, GRONOW, Cat. Fishes, 163, 1854, (scom&rua), 



Pneuiiiattiphorns, JORDAN & GILBERT, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1882, 593, (pneumalophorus). 



Body fusiform, rather elongate, somewhat compressed ; caudal pedun- 

 cle slender, without median keel, but with two small keels on each side. 

 Mouth wide, with a single row of rather small, slender teeth in each 

 jaw and on the vomer and palatines ; maxillary slipping under the broad 

 preorbital, a fleshy lobe on each side of lower jaw near its junction with 

 maxillary. Scales very small, not forming a corselet. First dorsal of 9 

 to 12 feeble spines, separated from the second by an interspace greater 

 than the base of the fin ; second dorsal small, followed by 5 to 9 detached 

 finlets; anal similar to second dorsal, with similar finlets; pectorals and 

 ventrals small, the former placed high, on the level of the eyes; caudal 

 fin small, widely forked. Pyloric appendages exceedingly numerous. 

 Air bladder small or wanting. Vertebra} normally formed, 14 -f- 17=31. 

 Gill rakers long and slender. Species few, widely distributed, usually 

 swimming in large schools; carnivorous and migratory; everywhere 

 highly valued for food, (an'onfipos , Scomber, the ancient name of the com- 

 mon mackerel.) 



SCOMBER : 

 o. Air bladder wanting. 



6. Dorsal spines 11 or 12; sides of body below median line silvery. SCOMBRUS, 125ii. 



PNEUMATOPHORUS (nvev^a, air; $ope'u>, to bear): 

 act. Air bladder present. 



c. Dorsal spines 9 or 10; sides of body below median line in adult mottled. COLIAS, 1253. 



Subgenus SCOMBER. 

 1252. SCOMBEB SCOMBRUS, Linnaeus. 



(COMMON MACKEREL.) 



Head 3 ; depth 3$ ; eye less than snout, 5 in head. D. XI-12-V j A. I, 

 11-V. Skull with inconspicuous parallel ridges ; suborbital somewhat 

 triangular, posterior border of eye not covered by radiating scales ; first 

 dorsal about as high as long, height of second about i its length ; a 

 groove connecting dorsals ; air bladder wanting. Snout rather long and 

 p. N. A 56 



