868 Bulletin 47, United States National Museum. 



Thynmts rockeanus, Risso, Ear. M6rid., in, 417, 1827, Nice. 



Auxis vulgaris, CUVIEE & VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vm, 139, 1831, Mediterranean. , 



Auxis tapeinosoma, BLEEKER, Fauna Japan, 408, 1854, Japan. 



Auxis thynnoides, BLEEKEB, Ternate, v, 301, 1855, Ternate. 



Auxis rochei, GUNTUER, Cat., n, 369, 1860. 



Auxis (hazard, JORDAN & GILBERT, Synopsis, 425, 1883. 



390. GYMNOSARDA, Gill. 

 (LITTLE TUNNIES.) 



Gymnosarda, GILL, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862, 125, (unicolor). 



Thynnus, LiJTKEN, Spolia Atlantica, 460, 1880, (pelamys); not of CUVIER & VALENCIENNES. 



Tfiynnichthys, GIOLIOLI, Catal. Pesci Italiana, 25, 1880, (thunnina, not Thynnichtkys of BLEEKER, a 



genus of Cijprinidx). 

 Euthymms, LUTKEN, MS. (in Epist. Feb. 1881); JORDAN <fe GILBERT, Synopsis, 429, 1883, (thunnina). 



This genus according to Liitken* differs from Thunnus\ (1) in the 

 absence of teeth on vomer; (2) by the complete absence of scales outside 

 of the corselet, while in Thunnus of the same size the skin is covered with 

 small scales ; the limits of the corselet in the Tunny and Albicore are 

 obscure, so that it can not properly be said that they have distinct corse- 

 lets; and (3) by an important osteological character, namely the peculiar 

 development, in the form of a network or trellis, of a portion of the 

 abdominal part of the backbone, between the vertebrae proper and the 

 haemapophyses. Vertebrae 38. Species of smaller size than the Tunnies, 

 also pelagic, and of little value as food, (yv/uvos, naked; adpda, a kind of 

 tunny caught about Sardinia; Sarda.) 



a. Lateral line with a decided curve below second dorsal ; 4 lengthwise stripes on sides of body 



below lateral line. PELAMIS, 1255. 



aa. Lateral line without distinct curve; no stripes below lateral line. ALLETERATA, 1256. 



1255. GYMNOSARDA PELAMIS (Linnseus). 

 (OCEANIC BONITO.) 



Head 3| ; depth 4. D. XV-12-VIII ; A. II, 12-VII. Body oblong, robust. 

 Lateral line making a decided curve immediately beneath the second dor- 

 sal. Corselet strongly developed, covering the entire space between the 

 diagonals connecting the posterior extremity of the spinous dorsal and 

 the base of the pectorals. Posterior margin of preopercle about 1| in 

 inferior margin. Pectorals reach vertical from tenth dorsal spine. Back 

 bluish; belly silvery ; 4 brownish stripes on each side of belly, parallel 

 with the lower curve of body; no spots below pectorals. Warm seas; 

 pelagic; not very common; north to Cape Cod and Bermudas on the 

 Atlantic Coast of America, once recorded from California.! (Tn/Aa^fc, 

 tunny.) (Eu.) 



* Spolia Atlantica, 596, 1880. 



t We follow Dresslarand Fesler in uniting Euthynnus and Gymnosarda, because the external 

 characters of Euthynnus are all shown by Gymnosarda nuda, the Asiatic type of the latter genus, 

 Gymnosarda. Probably the skeletons are also similar. 



I See Eigenmann, Proc. Cal. Ac. Sci., in, 1889, 8. 



