920 Bulletin 47, United States National Museum. 



reaching past the front of the anal ; caudal equally forked. Straight 

 part of lateral line 2f in body, scarcely as long as curved part ; plates of 

 lateral line small. In life, bluish silvery, everywhere strongly washed 

 with golden, the young with golden spots. Fins all pale yellow ; no 

 black on opercle or lower lobe of caudal. West Indies, occasionally 

 northward to Florida and North Carolina; common in Cuba. (Named 

 for the Island of San Bartolome'.) 



Caranx bartholomsei, CUVIER & VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., ix, 100, 1833, St. Bartholo- 

 mew; JORDAN & GILBERT, Synopsis, 436, 1833. 

 Caranx cibi, POEY, Memorias, n, 224, 1860, Cuba. 

 Caranx beani, JORDAN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1880, 486, Beaufort, North Carolina. (Type, 



No. 27372. Coll. Gilbert.) 

 Carangoides cibi, POEY, Synopsis, 366, 1867. 



Subgenus TRICROPTERUS, Eafinesque. 



1313. CARANX HIPPOS (Linnams). 

 (CREVALLE ; TORO ; HORSE CREVALL ; CAVALLY ; JACK ; JIGUAGUA.) 



Head 3| ; depth 2| ; lateral line (scutes) about 30. D. VIII-1, 20 ; A. II-I, 

 17. Body oblong, the anterior profile very strongly arched. Head large 

 and deep. Mouth large, low ; lower jaw prominent; maxillary extending 

 to nearly opposite posterior border of eye, 2 in head. Teeth in upper 

 jaw in a broad villiform band ; an outer- series of large, wide-set, conical 

 teeth ; teeth of lower jaw in one row, a distinct canine on each side of 

 symphysis; villiform teeth on vomer, palatines, pterygoids, and tongue. 

 Lateral line with a wide arch, its length 1& in straight part, the angle 

 under fifth dorsal ray ; plates not covering all of straight part. Dorsal 

 spines short, rather stout ; gill rakers stout, rather long, 15 below angle. 

 Occipital keel sharp. Eye not very large. Pectoral falcate, ^ longer than 

 head. Breast naked, with only a small triangular patch of scales in 

 front of ventrals. Caudal lobes equal, nearly as long as head. Oliva- 

 ceous above ; sides and below golden ; a large distinct black blotch on 

 opercle, bordered behind with pale ; a large faint black spot on lower 

 rays of pectorals, the latter sometimes wanting in young ; axil of pecto- 

 ral with a black blotch ; edge of soft dorsal black ; upper edge of caudal 

 peduncle dusky. Warm seas, generally abundant ; found on both coasts 

 of tropical America, north to Cape Cod and Gulf of California, also in 

 the East Indies; a large and well-known food-fish. More abundant 

 northward on our coast than any other species of the genus except 

 Caranx crysos. Easily distinguished by its canines, its naked breast, and 

 the color markings, (iir-nos, horse.) 



Scomber hippos, LINNAEUS, Syst. Nat., Ed. xn, 494, 176G, Charleston, South Carolina. 

 Scomber carangus, BLOCK, Ichthyol., pi. 340, 1793, Antilles. . 

 Caranx erythrurus, LACEPEDE, Hist. Nat. Poiss., in, 68, 1802, South Carolina; based on Scomber 



hippos, LINNJEUS. 

 Caranx daubentonii, LACEPEDE, Hist. Nat. Poiss., HI, 72, 1802, Martinique; on a drawing by 



PLUMIER. 

 Caranx carangua, LACEPEDE, Hist. Nat. Poiss., in, 59, 74, 1802, Martinique; on a drawing by 



PLUMIER; CUVIER & VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., ix, 91, 1833; GUNTHER, Oat., n, 448, 



1860, and of authors. 



