952 Bulletin 47, United States National Museum. 



caudal fin widely forked. Lateral line present. Gill membranes free from 

 the isthmus. Branchiostegals 7 ; no pseudobranchise. No air bladder. 

 Pyloric appendages very numerous. Vertebras about 30. A single genus, 

 with probably but two species. Very large fishes, inhabiting the high 

 seas in warm regions, noted for their brilliant and changeable colors. 

 (Sconibridce, genus Coryphama, Gunther, Cat., n, 404-408, 1860.) 



433. CORYPHiENA, Linnaeus. 



(DOLPHINS.) 



Coryphsena, LINNAEUS, Syst. Nat., Ed. x, 1758, 261, (hippurus). 



Caranxomorm, LACEPEDE, Hist. Nat. Poiss., in, 26, 1802, (pelagicus). 



Lepmiphis, KAFINESQUE, Caratteri, etc., 33, 1810, (hippuroides).. 



Lampugus, CUVIEE & VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., ix, 317, 1833, (pelagicus; young form). 



Characters of the genus included above. The species are not well 

 known, having been unduly multiplied by authors. According to Dr. 

 Liitken all are probably reducible to two. (nopv^aivn, the name applied 

 by Aristotle to Coryphcena hippurus, from Kopv^, helmet ; <j>aivu, to show.) 



o. Dorsal rays 55 to 65; anal 26 to 30; adult male with the front greatly elevated, forming a 



high crest. HIPPURUS, 1352. 



act. Dorsal rays 51 to 55; anal 24 to 26; profile of adult male not very steep, not very different 



from that of the female. EQUISETIS, 1353. 



1352. CORYPH^ENA HIPPURUS, Linnams. 

 (COMMON DOLPHIN ; DOKADO ; DOURADE.) 



Head 4f to 5f ; depth 5. D. 55 to 65 ; A. 26 to 30. Profile in adult male 

 nearly vertical; maxillary reaching middle of eye or beyond. Vertebrae 

 30 or 31. Ventrals inserted slightly behind upper ray of pectoral, its 

 length 1 in head ; pectoral 1. Colors brilliant in life, the head, body, 

 and tail greenish olive, changing suddenly at death ; brownish olive 

 above, white or golden below, with a series of about 15 bright-blue spots 

 on back along each side of dorsal, the largest on the back and head, forming 

 bands on the snout ; dorsal purplish blue, with paler oblique lines ; other 

 fins tinged with blue ; caudal yellow ; in spirits pale, with blackish spots 

 on the lower parts. Length 6 feet. Pelagic, north on our coast to Cape 

 Cod; abundant from South Carolina to Texas; not definitely known 

 from the eastern Pacific. Remarkable for its brilliant coloration, which 

 fades at death, although the change has been much exaggerated. A good 

 food-fish. (Eu.) (iTTTrof, horse; ovpd, tail.) 



Coryphsena hippurus, LINN^US, Syst. Nat., Ed. x, 1758, 261, open seas; G(JNTHER, Cat., n, 405, 

 1860; JORDAN & GILBERT, Synopsis, 914, 1883, and of authors generally. 



Scomber pelagicus, LINN^SUS, Syst. Nat., Ed. x, 1758, 299, no locality. 



Coryphsena fasciolatus, PALLAS, Spicil. Zool., vin, pi. 3, fig. 2, 1772, Amboina. 



Coryphsena chrysurus, LACEPEDE, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 11, pi. 18, fig. 2, 1799. 



Coryphiena imperialis, KAFINESQUE, Caratteri, &c., 33, 1810, Sicily. 



Lepimphis hippuroides, KAFINESQUE, Caratteri, &c.,34, 1810, Palermo. 



Coryphiena immaculata, AGASSIZ, in Spix, Pise. Bras., in, pi. 56, 1829, Atlantic, off Brazil. 



Coryphsena marcgravii, CUVIER & VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., ix, 301, 1833, South 

 America. 



