Jordan and Evermann. Fishes of North America. 1021 



other. Large, carnivorous fishes of the fresh waters of North America. 

 (CTT/W, to prick; arrjOioi', a little breast ; a the name means pungent throat," 

 according to Rafinesque ; the substitution of stedion for stethion apparently 

 suggested by the name Peristedion.) 



STIZOSTEDION: 



a. Pyloric cceca 3, subequal, each as long as the stomach; soft dorsal long, its base shorter 

 than spinous dorsal, of about 20 soft rays. 



b. Cheeks and upper surface of head sparsely scaled; body somewhat compressed; a black 



blotch on last dorsal spines; no black blotch on base of pectoral; second dorsal 

 simply mottled. VITREUM, 1413. 



CYNOPERCA (KvW, dog; Trep/crj perch): 



oa. Pyloric coeca unequal, 4 of them of moderate length, much shorter than stomach, the 

 others 1 to 3 in number, smaller and variable, some or all of them sometimes wanting ; 

 soft dorsal shorter, its base % shorter than spinous dorsal, of about 17 soft rays. 



c. Cheeks and upper surface of head more or less closely scaled; body terete; no black 



blotch on last dorsal spines; a black blotch at base of pectoral; second dorsal with 

 rows of dark spots. CANADENSE, 1414. 



Subgenus STIZOSTEDION. 

 1413. STIZOSTEDION YITREUM (Mitchill). 



(WALL-EYED PIKE ; PIKE PERCH ; DORY ; GLASSEYE ; YELLOW PIKE ; BLUE PIKE ; JACK SALMON ; 



WHITE-EYE.) 



Head 3f; depth about 4; eye shorter than snout, 4-J- to 5 in head. D. 

 XII to XVI, 19 to 21; A. II, 12 to 14; scales 10-110 to 132-25, 83 to 95 

 pores. Body slender, becoming compressed with age, the back more 

 arched than in Stizostedion canadense. Cheeks and upper surface of head 

 nearly naked. Dorsal spines high, more than half length of head; dorsal 

 fins well separated, the interspace between them greater than diameter 

 of eye, the last dorsal spine scarcely erectile ; soft dorsal nearly as long 

 as spinous dorsal ; anal longer than high. Pyloric coeca 3, rather long. 

 Dark olive, finely mottled with brassy, the latter color forming indis- 

 tinct oblique lines ; sides of head more or less vermiculated ; lower jaw 

 flesh colored; belly and lower fins pinkish; spinous dorsal with a large 

 jet-black blotch on the membrane of the last 2 or 3 spines, otherwise 

 nearly plain; second dorsal and caudal mottled olive and yellowish; 

 base of pectoral dusky, without distinct black blotch. Great Lake 

 region, Upper Mississippi, north to Assiniboia, east to Vermont and Penn- 

 sylvania, south to Georgia and Alabama, especially common northward: 

 an abundant and valued food-fish, reaching a length of 3 feet and a 

 weight of 10 to 20 pounds, (vitreus, glassy, from the large eye.) 

 Perca vitrea, MITCHILL, Supp. Amer. Month. Magazine, n, 247, 1818, Cayuga Lake, New 



York. 



Perca sal monea,* KAFINESQUE, Amer. Month. Magazine, v, 354, 1818, Ohio River. 

 Perca (Pomacampsis) nigropunctata, RAFIXESQUE, Tenth. Ohiensis, 23, 1820, mythical; on a draw- 

 ing by Audubon, not intended to represent any fish. 



* The name salmoneum has been applied to the so-called "Blue Pike" originally described 

 from the Ohio lliver, but more common in the Great Lakes, particularly Ontario and Erie. It 

 is smaller and deeper in body than the ordinary vitreum and different in color, but it is not 

 likely that any permanent distinctions exist, this species, as usual among fresh-water fishes, 

 varying largely with the environment and with age. 



