Jordan and Evermann. Fishes of North America. 1123 



Profile more concave than in other species. Snout long, about 3 in head; 

 maxillary not reaching middle of eye. Preopercle with 2 very strong 

 teeth, other serrations very weak. Dorsal spines moderate, the longest 

 not quite half head ; anal spines long, the second $- depth of body, about 

 half head, but little longer than third. Air bladder simple. Olivaceous, 

 with faint streaks along the scales ; upper fins brownish, ventrals pale ; 

 lateral line pale. Pacific coast of Central America; rather common at 

 Panama; not recorded from Mazatlau; closely related to Centropomus 

 armatiis and to C. ensiferus, but apparently distinct from both. (From La 

 Union.) 



Centropomus unionensis, BOCOURT, Ann. Sc. Nat. Paris, 1868, 90, La Union, San Salvador; 

 VAILLANT & BOCOURT, Miss. Sci. Mex., 1875, 37; BOULENGER, Cat., i, 370. 



1525. CENTROPOMUS ARMATUS, Gill. 



Head 2$ ; depth 3| to 3|. D. VIII-I, 10 ; A. Ill, 6 ; scales 7-51-14, 10 to 

 14 scales before dorsal. Preorbital serrated in its hinder half; suboper- 

 culum produced into a long flap, which extends beyond the vertical from 

 the origin of the dorsal fin. Premaxillary scarcely extending to below 

 middle of orbit. Dorsal spines of moderate strength, the third longest, 

 half as long as head ; second anal spine exceedingly strong, much 

 stronger than third and longer than third dorsal spine ; ventral fin 

 scarcely more than - of distance of its base from anal. Air bladder 

 simple. Silvery ; dorsal fins, a blotch on the opercle, and the membrane 

 between the anal spines blackish ; lateral line not black. Length about 

 a foot. Pacific coast of Central America, common from Chiapas to Pan- 

 ama. Dr. Boulenger refers this species, with its allies, robalito and affinis, 

 to the synonymy of Centropomus ensiferus. Our Atlantic Coast material 

 shows that ensiferus and affinis are very close to each other and doubt- 

 fully distinct from robalito, but certainly distinct from armatus. It is 

 probable that robalito and affinis should be united with ensiferus. 

 (armatus, armed.) 



Centropomus armatus, GILL, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1863, 163, Panama; GUNTHER, Fishes 

 Central Amer., 408, 1869; VAILLANT & BOCOURT, Miss. Sci. Mex., 34, 1875. 



1526. CENTROPOMUS ROBALITO, Jordan & Gilbert. 

 (CONSTANTINO ; ROBALITO DE LAS ALETAS AMARIDLAS.) 



Head (with opercular flap) 2f in length; depth 3|. D. VIII-I, 10; A. 

 Ill, 6; scales 5-51-9; scales large, those in front of dorsal not crowded, 

 10 to 14 in number ; 5 series between lateral line and front of spinous dorsal. 

 Body comparatively elongate, the back little elevated ; profile from snout 

 to base of dorsal more nearly straight than in most of the species; upper 

 outline of head somewhat concave ; nuchal region little gibbous. Mouth 

 smaller than in C. armatus, the maxillary barely reaching the vertical 

 line from front of pupil (in C. armatiis of the same size reaching past 

 front of pupil), the gape contained nearly 3 times in length of head; 

 snout long, longer than in C, armatus, 3i in head; eye moderate, a little 



