Jordan and Evermann. Fishes of North America. 1159 



Serramis maculosus, CUVIEB & VALENCIENNES, I. c., n, 332, 1828. (Type, No. 7360, Mus. Paris. 



Examined by Dr. Boulenger.) 



Serramis calus, CUVIER & VALENCIENNES, I. c., n, 373, 1828, Martinique. 

 Serranus arara, CUVIEB & VALENCIENNES, 7. c., n, 377, 1828, Havana; erroneously identified 



with Bonaci arara of PARBA. 



* Sen-anus angustifrons,* STEINDACHNER, Verh. Ges. Wien, xiv, 1864, 230, pi. vn, fig. 213, Cuba. 

 Epinephelus cubanus, POEY, Repertorio, i, 202, 1867, Cuba. 

 Serranus stadthouderi, VAILLANT, Miss. Sci. Mex., Poiss., 69, 1877; based on Serranus maculosus, 



CUVIER & VALENCIENNES, the name regarded as preoccupied by Serranus maculatus, which is 



adscenscionis. 



Seiranus lunulatus, CUVIER & VALENCIENNES, I c., n, 379, 1828; after PARBA. 

 Epinephelus lunulaius, POEY, Synopsis, 286, 1868. 

 Epinephelus guttatus, JOBDAN & GiLBEBT, Synopsis, 919, 973, 1883; wrongly identified with Perca 



gittlata, LINN^US. 



Epinephelus apua, JOBDAN & SWAIN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1884, 389. 

 Dermatolepis anguslifroHS, JORDAN & EIGENMANN, I. c., 375, 1890. 

 Epinephelus calus, JORDAN & EIGENMANN, 1. c., 355, 1893; BOULENGER, Cat., i, 210. 



1554. EPIXEPHELUS DRUMMOND-HAYI, Goode & Bean. 

 (SPECKLED HIND; JOHN PAW.) 



Head2; depth 2; eye 6 to 8 in head. D. XI, 16; A. Ill, 9; scales 

 32-125-57. Body robust ; lower jaw strongly projecting ; preopercle evenly 

 serrate, without salient angle; caudal truncate or slightly emarginate, the 

 angles acute. Dark umber brown, densely covered with small pearly 

 white spots, those below smaller and nearly round, all arranged in some- 

 what irregular series; fins not dark-edged, all covered with similar spots, 

 those of the paired fins chiefly on the inner surface ; lower side of head 

 flushed with red and unspotted; caudal fin more densely spotted than 

 body, the terminal spots of a fine lavender; pectoral with a subterminal 

 band of orange. Reaches a weight of 30 pounds. Gulf of Mexico, north 

 to the Bermudas, once recorded from Charleston; common on the Snapper 

 Banks off Pensacola, where it is a valued food-fish; the most beautiful in 

 color of all the groupers. (Named for "Col. H. M. Drtimmond-Hay, C. M. 

 Z. S., of Leggieden, Perth, Scotland, formerly of the British army, by 

 whom the species was first discovered at the Bermudas in 1854.") 



Epinephelus <1rummond-hayi, GOODE & BEAN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1878, 173, 174, Pensacola, 

 (Coll. Silas Stearns); Bermuda; (Coll. Lieut. Drummond-Hay); JORDAN &GILBEBT, Synop- 

 sis, 540, 1883; JORDAN & SWAIN, 1. c., 388; JOBDAN & EIGENMANN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 

 1887, 269; JORDAN & EIGENMANN, 1. c., 356, 1890; BOULENGER, Cat., I, 224. 



* Epinephelus angustifrom (Steindachner): Head 3; depth 4. D. XI, 17; A. Ill, 8. Body very 

 strongly compressed; scales very email, ctenoid; interorbital space not half diameter of eye, 

 which is 1% in head, 1% in snout; maxillary reaching middle of eye; angle of preopercle salient, 

 with 5 to 7'strong teeth, the two lowermost being turned forward; lower limb of preopercle 

 entire; third dorsal spine highest, twice diameter of eye; anal spines graduated; pectoral as 

 long as from snout to edge of preopercle, a little longer than caudal, much longer than ventral; 

 caudal triangular; dorsal and anal rounded. Color brown, the scales edged with darker; fins 

 brownish, blackish toward tips of first dorsal. Cuba; not seen by us; referred by Dr. Boulenger 

 to the synonymy of Epinephelus maculosus, a species to which it is evidently related. The very 

 narrow iiiterorbital area is the chief basis of this identification as the color markings of 

 Epinephelus maculosus are not indicated in the account of angustifrons. We know nothing of 

 this speciea except what is contained in the original description. (anguslus, narrow ; frons, 

 forehead.) 



