Jordan and Ever mann. Fishes of North America. 1171 



MTCTEROPERCA : 

 jj. Gill rakers moderate, fewer in number, 6 to 18 below angle of arch. 



It. Second dorsal spine highest, its length more than % that of head; third spine 

 scarcely shorter; caudal slightly lunate; canine teeth moderate; angle of pre- 

 opercle not salient; anal fin angulatod, its longest rays about 2% in head, its 

 posterior margin concave; gill rakers coarse and long, x + 15; scales small 

 (13-20-x). 



x. Color brown, with grayish reticulations around brown spots; fins dusky-edged. 



OLFAX, 1572. 



xx. Color chiefly red. RUBERRIMA, 1572a. 



kk. Second dorsal spine low, shorter than third, the third and fourth highest. 

 1. Margin of anal fin posteriorly concave, its middle rays much exserted. 

 m. Gill rakers rather numerous, 17 to 20 below angle of arch. 



. Outer rays of caudal scarcely produced, not % length of head; canine 



teeth moderate; angle of preopercle little salient; scales small 



(about 130); color plain red; vertical fins without black edgings; 



gill rakers long, x + 17. ROSACEA, 1573. 



tin. Outer rays of caudal much produced, more than % length of head; 



preopercle with salient angle; canine teeth strong; scales small 



(140) ; gill rakers about 4 + 20. Color brownish, with small 



darker spots; vertical fins broadly edged with blackish. 



a;. Upper canines directed strongly forward, the lower backward; 



coloration obscure. FALCATA, 1574. 



xx. Upper canines nearly vertical; coloration paler and brighter. 



PHENAX, 1574a. 



mm. Gill rakers few, 8 below angle of arch ; caudal well forked, the outer rays 

 1% in head; preopercle without salient angle. Color uniform olive 

 brown, the vertical fins dark-edged. Size very large. 



VENADORUM, 1575. 



tt. Margin of anal fin not concave posteriorly, the outline of the fiu rounded or 



slightly angular. 



o. Gill rakers rather few, x + 12; body withoutdark cross bars, covered with 



grayish reticulations around small round spots, these not evident on 



head; anal fin rounded; preopercle with a salient angle; caudal deeply 



lunate; scales moderate (lateral line 90 to 100); form rather robust; 



anal fin not angulate. CALLIURA, 1576. 



oo. Gill rakers very few, short, and thick, about x + 6; body olive or (var. 



camelopardalis) bright red, with light and dark cross bars, these often 



becoming obsolete with age ; head usually with distinct reticulations 



around yellowish spots; anal fin with angular margin, subtruncate 



posteriorly; preopercle without salient angle; scales rather small 



(lateral line 133); form rather robust. 



x. Ground color dark olive. TIGRIS, 1577. 



xx. Ground color bright red. CAMELOPARDALIS, 1577a. 



Subgenus ARCHOPERCA, Jordan & Evermann. 



1562. MYCTEROPERCA BOFLEXGERI, Jordan & Starks. 



(CABRILLA DE RAIZERO ; MANGROVE GROUPER.) 



Head 2 to 2jj- in length ; depth 2 to 3. Dorsal XI, 15 (14 to 16); anal 

 III, 9 to III, 11 : scales about 19-90 to 95-38 ; snout 3 in head ; maxillary 

 2; eye 5|; pectoral If; ventral Ifj ; anal ray 1|; caudal If. Longest 

 dorsal spine 2. Gill rakers short, about 6-f 17, the longest about \ in 

 eye. Longest dorsal ray 2. Body short and deep, compressed. Head 



