Jordan and Evcrmann. Fishes of North America. 



slender, and close-set, x -f- 23, the longest ;! the eye; branchiostegals 7; 

 dorsal spines rather low, slender, only the third produced in a long stif- 

 fish filament, which reaches the third soft ray ; soft dorsal naked, the last 

 rays very high, 1? in head ; caudal very long, with a narrow fork, the 

 middle rays as long as head, and 1* in the longest; anal high, its spines 

 moderate, graduated; ventrals elongate, the third ray longer than head ; 

 ventrals inserted scarcely before axil of pectoral, as in riraimx; pectorals 

 shortish, pointed, If in head; scales moderate; lateral line complete, 

 running abruptly upward and backward to below sixth dorsal spine, 

 then gradually curving downward. Color rose-red, with small diffuse 

 golden-brown spots on body and on soft dorsal, caudal, and anal. Coasts 

 of Peru and Chile occasionally northward ; one specimen taken by the 

 Albatross at station 3017 (off the coast of Lower California) ; the present 

 description from two of Dr. Steindachner's types, 15 inches long, from 

 Payta, Peru, (peruanus, from Peru.) 



AutJtinit (llentiiinthtas) peruanns, Steindachner, Tcbth. Beitr., i, 4, 1874, Payta; Trajillo. (Coll. 



Hassler Exp.) 



Prnf>t<>'jr<tm)iii<* pemama*, JORDAN & ElGENMANN, I. c., 413. 

 Aitthias peruamts, BOULENGER, Cat., i, 322. 



1610. HEMIANTHIAS VIVANUS (Jordan & Swain). 



Head 3 ; depth 3|. D. X, 14 or 15 ; A. Ill, 7 or 8 ; scales 3 to 5-53-20, 

 pores 48 to 50. Body rather elongate, compressed ; profile convex to the 

 occiput, straight anteriorly ; mouth very oblique, the maxillary extend- 

 ing to below pupil, 2 in head ; lower jaw with a canine in front on each 

 side directed forward and outward ; a canine hooked backward in front 

 of middle of side of jaw ; upper jaw with a canine directed forward on 

 each side in front ; eye longer than snout, 3 in head; vertical margin of 

 preopercle serrate, the seme larger below ; a short, strong, flat spine 

 at the angle ; lower limb entire or serrate ; top of head naked from the 

 occiput forward ; 5 series of scales on cheek ; dorsal spines rapidly 

 graduated to the fourth, which is nearly half head ; several of the spines 

 ending in long, fragile dermal filaments ; the filament of the fourth spine 

 longest, sometimes reaching caudal ; caudal very deeply forked, some of 

 the outer rays produced sometimes half length of body ; anal spines grad- 

 uated, the second 3 in head, a little shorter than third ; pectorals short, 

 H in head ; ventrals produced, longer than pectorals, extending beyond 

 origin of anal, their insertion scarcely before axil of pectoral ; lateral 

 line on third row of scales ; gill rakers very numerous, x -f- 30, long and 

 slender. Color carmine, deepest on the back, becoming a clear violet on 

 sides ; back and sides everywhere freckled with golden olive, this on the 

 sides becoming reticulations around the violet; a bright golden stripe from 

 eye to base of pectoral above; another from tip of snout along lower border 

 of eye to middle of pectoral ; dorsal carmine, the rays tinged with golden ; 

 caudal similar ; anal golden ; pectoral carmine; ventrals red and yellow. 

 Gulf of Mexico, in deep water ; one of our most beautifully colored fishes. 

 Length 8 inches. All the known specimens of this brilliantly colored 

 species have been taken off the Snapper Banks between Peusacola and 



