1238 Bulletin 47, United States National Museum. 



Caudal slightly lunate, the upper lobe the longer ; ventrals moderate, not 

 extending beyond second anal spine, about as long as head ; pectorals 2 

 in head ; third anal spine as long as sixth dorsal ; scales smaller near the 

 back. Base of skull pierced with a large foramen between the great 

 wing and the base of the superior sphenoid. (Poey.) Silvery red ; anal, 

 soft dorsal, and caudal edged with black ; no spots on dorsal ; posterior 

 half of ventral black. Tropical Atlantic, south to Brazil, occasionally 

 northward in the Gulf Stream to Newport and Woods Hole; recorded 

 also from Madeira, (arenatus, sanded.) 



Catdlufa, PARRA, Dif. Piezas Hist. Nat., pi. 20, 1787, Havana. 



Priacanthus arenatus, CUVIER & VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., m, 97, 1829, Brazil, (Coll. 



Delalande.) Atlantic, (Coll. Peron); JORDAN & GILBERT, Synopsis, 971;BouLENGER,Cat.,i, 356. 

 Priacanthus fulgens, LOWE, Trans. Zobl. Soc. Lond., n, 1839, 174, Madeira. (Coll. K. T. Lowe.) 

 Priacanthus catalufa, POEY, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1863, 182, Havana; MORRISON, Proc. Ac. 



Nat. Sci. Phila., 1889, 161. 

 Priacanlhus macrophlhalmus, CUVIER & VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., in, 97, 1829; not Anthias 



macrophthalmus, BLOCK, which is an Asiatic species, Priacanthus hamrur (Forskal); Giinther, 



Cat., i, 215; JORDAN & GILBERT, Synopsis, 544. 



1625. PRIACANTHUS CRUENTATTJS (Lacgpede). 

 (Bio EYE; CATALUFA.) 



Head 3 to 3J ; depth 2$ to 2f . D. X, 12 or X, 13 ; A. Ill, 14 ; scales 10-100 

 to 120-50, pores 62 to 76 ; eye 2^ to 2| in head ; snout li to 2 in eye. 

 Body deep; interorbital width 3J to 3 in head; mouth large, oblique, 

 maxillary reaching nearly to middle of eye, 2 in head. Gill rakers 16 to 18 

 below angle. Dorsal and anal spines all finely serrate in front ; preopercte 

 with a rather strong, flat, triangular spine ; opercular spine very small ; last 

 dorsal spine If times length of second, If to 2 in head ; pectorals small, 

 little longer than eye, If to 2 in head ; third anal spine nearly as long as 

 last of dorsal ; caudal slightly notched ; roof of mouth with longitudinal 

 ridges ; upper limb of preopercle almost vertical ; skull without sphenoid 

 foramen below. Rose color, the back brownish, the dark color of back 

 sometimes forming rounded blotches ; dorsal and caudal fins with small 

 dark spots. West Indies to St. Helena and the Canaries ; a common food- 

 fish in Havana ; not yet recorded from the United States. Also abundant 

 throughout the western Pacific, if Priacanthus carolinus* is the same, as 

 supposed by Dr. Boulenger. (cruentatus , bloody.) 



Labrus cruenlatus, LACPEDE, Hist. Nat. Poiss., in, 522, 1800 (from a copy by AUBRIET of a plate 



made by PLUMIER at Martinique), Martinique; CUVIER & VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 



in, 102, 1829. 

 Priacanlhus cepedianusrf DESMAREST, Prem. Dec. Ichthy., 9. pi. 1, 1823, Havana; POEY, 



Repertorio, i, 273, 1866. 

 Priacanthus cruentatus, MORRISON, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1889, 162; JORDAN, Proc. U. S. Nat. 



Mus., 1890, 317; BOULENGER, Cat., i, 352. 



* Priacanthus carolinus, Lesson, Voyage Coquille, Poiss., 204, 1826, Caroline Islands; Priacan- 

 thus schleyeli, Hilgendorf, Sitzgber. Ges. Naturf. Fr., 1879, 79, Japan. 



f Poey regards Priacanthus cruetitatus and Priacanthus cepedianus as different species, solely dis- 

 tinguished by the presence in cruentatus of roundish rosy spots. 



