Jordan and Evermann. Fishes of North America. 1239 

 522. PSEUDOPRIACANTHUS, Bleeker. 



eanOau, BLKEKEH, Vcrsl. Ak. Wet. Amsterd. (2), in, 241, 1869, (niphonius). 



Scales large, very rough, 35 to 50 in the lateral line; body ovate, not 

 twice as long as deep; preopercle with 2 small spiiies at angle; inter- 

 orbital space broad and flat, there being little flesh between skin and 

 skull ; no foramen in interorbital area ; lateral line changing its course 

 below the fourth dorsal spine; anal short, its rays III, 9 to 11; dorsal 

 X, 11. Otherwise essentially as in Prlacanthus, the species living in 

 deeper water, (tpevd^, false ; Priacanthus.) 



. Outer teeth above not enlarged; body with four dark cross bars; eye moderate, 2% in head 



in young. SERRULA, 1626. 



oa. Outer teeth above more or less enlarged; body not banded; eye excessively large, 2% in 



head in adult. ALTUS, 1627. 



1626. PSEUDOPRIACANTHUS SEBRULA (Gilbert). 



Head2f; depth 1. D. X, 11; A. Ill, 11; lateral line with 36 pores. 

 Eye2iinhead; interorbital width 3; length of snout 5. Mouth very 

 oblique, maxillary scarcely reaching vertical from middle of eye, half 

 length of head ; teeth in a very narrow band in both jaws and on vomer, 

 none of them enlarged ; palatines with a single series. Posterior nostril 

 elliptical, not twice as long as wide. Preopercular and preorbital margins 

 serrate, a group of stronger spines at angle of preopercle. Gill rakers 

 short, about half diameter of pupil, 16 developed on horizontal limb of 

 outer arch. Spinous dorsal high, the longest spine ^ length of head ; the 

 first and last spines much shorter, about equaling the soft rays ; anal 

 spines similar but shorter, the first 2 equal and longer than third, their 

 length half that of head : pectorals short, barely reaching vertical from 

 vent; ventrals elongate, the spine reaching base of second anal spine, the 

 longest soft ray reaching base of first soft ray of anal. Scales on upper 

 and lower parts of body very small, those on middle of sides conspicu- 

 ously enlarged. Entire head, including maxillary, mandible, gular, and 

 branchiostegal membranes wholly covered with spiny scales ; dorsal and 

 anal fins in a sheath. All spines rough-serrate. Color in spirits : Light 

 olive, with 4 dark cross bars on sides wider than the interspaces, the last 

 one on base of caudal peduncle; vertical fins dusky, the soft portions 

 more or less speckled ; ventrals black ; pectorals pale. Pacific Coast of 

 Colombia; known from ona young specimen, If inches long. (Gilbert.) 

 (serrula, a little saw.) 



Priacanlhus serrula, GILBERT, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1890, 450, Albatross station 2797, west 

 coast of Colombia. (Coll. Albatross.) 



1627. PSEUDOPRIACANTHUS ALTUS (Gill). 



Head 2|; depth 2^. D. X, 11; A. 111,9: pores in lateral line 37; in a 

 series between opercle and caudal, 41. Body ovate ; profile straight and 

 little oblique; mouth subvertical ; teeth in upper jaw villiform, in a 

 narrow band with an outer series of enlarged teeth ; teeth of lower jaw 



