32 Bulletin of the University of Texas 



2. TOXYLON Raf. Osage Orange. 



Small trees with alternate, simple, entire leaves, milky juice 

 -and axillary thorns. 



1. Toxylon pomiferum Raf. Osage Orange. A small 

 thorny tree which may reach a height of 50-60 with trunk 

 diameter of 2-3, but usually smaller. Bark 2/3'-!' thick 

 with broad rounded ridges, somewhat shreddy, brown. The 

 spines are about %/ long, and produce painful wounds. The 

 leaves are ovate lanceolate, entire, long pointed, smooth, and 

 glossy green above, 3'-5' long, 2'-3' wide. The staminate 

 flowers are borne in elongated catkins, the pistillate in rounded 

 hieads. The fruit is yellowish green, resembling an orange, 

 outer co-at rough, about 4' in diameter. 



Missouri and Kansas, south to Texas. 



The wood is heavy,, hard, strong and durable in contact 

 with the soil. It is extensively used for fence posts. The 

 tree has been extensively planted in the prairie regions for 

 Tiedge fences. When well pruned and taken care of ,it makes 

 -a thick almost impenetrable barrier for all kinds of animals. 

 Now largely superceded by wire fences. Not so well adapted 

 for ornamental hedges as many other shrubs. 



3. BROUSSONETIA Ventenat. Paper Mulberry. 



Broussonetia papyrifera Yentenat. A small tree with 

 greenish gray bark, milky juice and stout hairy twigs. Leaves 

 thin, 3-5 lobed or sometimes with only one lateral lobe, rough 

 above, hairy below, borne on long stalks. Flowers diecious, 

 the pistillate in dense round heads on one tree, the staminate 

 in catkins on another. Fruit a globular aggregate of small 

 red drupelets %'-!' in diameter. 



Native of Asia, introduced and growing spontaneously in 

 this country. 



The fibrous inner bark is used in the manufacture of paper. 



4. FICUS (Tournefort) L. The Figs. 



Trees, shrubs or woody climbers with milkv sap ; thick, 

 leathery mostly alternate lobed leaves; flowers borne in a 

 receptacle, usually dioecious. 



