The Trees of Texas 139 



with the leaves. Fruit a long stalked 3-lobed leathery capsule 

 which remains on the tree throughout the winter. Along 

 streams and in canyons, Texas, New Mexico and Mexico. 

 Planted for ornament. 



FRANGULACEAE. Buckthorn Family. 



Trees or shrubs with simple alternate or sometimes oppo- 

 site leaves, bitter watery juice, small regular flowers and fruit 

 either a drupe or a capsule. 



Fruit fleshy with a single stone. 



Petals wanting 1. Condalia. 



Petals present 2. Karwinskia. 



Fruit fleshy with 2-3 seed-like nutlets 3. Rhamnus. 



CONDALIA Cavanilles. Purple Haw. 



Condalia obovate Hooker. A shrub or small tree 20 -30 

 high with pale gray bark and spinescent twigs. Leaves small, 

 !'-!%' long, and %' wide, alternate, obovate or spatulate with 

 entire margin. Flowers small, greenish, solitary in few flow- 

 ered clusters in the axils of the leaves. Fruit a blue or black 

 oblong drupe 1 / 4' long with sweet flesh. 



In dry soils of western Texas and northern Mexico. 



KARWINSKIA Zuccarini. 



Karwinski glandulosa Zucc. A small tree or shrub with 

 smooth light brown branches and hairy twigs. Leaves oppo- 

 site, l^'^i/J/ long, firm, oval, with entire margin. Flowers 

 small green in axillary clusters. Fruit a small subglobose 

 black drupe. 



RHAMNUS L. 



Rhamnus caroliniana Walter. Indian Cherry. A shrub or 

 small tree 30-35 high with gray bark, and smooth reddish 

 brown twigs. Leaves alternate, firm, oblong to elliptic, 2'-5' 

 long, narrow at base, smooth and shining above, paler and 

 somewhat hairy beneath. Flowers in small clusters in the 

 axils of the leaves. Fruit globose, bluish black with three 



