38 AGRICULTUBIL AND MECHANICAL COLLEGE OF TEXAS. 



a consequence second growth pine stands in Orange County do not assume 

 the importance they should. 



Culled and cut-over lands, dating back ten years, have for the most part 

 been culled lightly and now often support a comparatively heavy stand of 

 timber. Large areas of this type are adapted to farming, but the lands 

 are not on the market. 



Of the total improved farmland area 15,000 acres are irrigated rice 

 lands. The area south of the loblolly pine region consists of prairie and 

 marsh lands which on the whole are treeless. A small area is under 

 hog law. 



Lumbering operations date back many years; the city of Orange was 

 the seat of many of the earlier mill operations in Texas and is still a great 

 lumber center. Five mills are at present operating in the county. One of 

 these mills, probably the largest in Texas, trams its timber from Louis- 

 iana. Another large mill cuts in adjoining counties while three are cut- 

 ting timber within the county. The timber cut from Orange County 

 approximates 20,000,000 feet annually and at this rate should hold out 

 ten years longer. 



Probably the only paper mill in Texas, engaged in the manufacture 

 of kraft paper from waste yellow pine, is located at Orange. This company 

 is annually turning waste material from several large sawmills into a 

 commercial paper of recognized merit. 



Only a small area of Orange County is under stock law and vast areas 

 of grass land are burned over annually, little thought being given to the 

 protection of woodlands. This condition may be assigned as the reason for 

 the absence of reproduction and the poor condition of second growth lands. 



PANOLA COUNTY. 



Panola County lies entirely within the shortleaf pine region. The 

 land surface, broken and hilly in the north but becoming more rolling 

 in the south, drains into the Sabine Biver. Soils range from light to 

 dark loams with a comparatively large area of black bottomland along the 

 streams. All main public roads are in excellent condition. More than 

 49 miles of mainline railroad traverse the county. Streams for the most 

 part are wide and shallow and subject to frequent overflow. 



The land area may be divided as follows : 



Approximate total area 520,960 acres. 



Virgin timber lands 105,000 acres. 



Second growth lands 50,000 acres. 



Culled and cut-over lands 175,000 acres. 



All other lands 190,960 acres. 



A large area of virgin shortleaf pine is located in the eastern portion 

 of Panola County and a heavy stand of valuable hardwoods is found along 

 the Sabine River. Practically the entire stand of virgin timber is owned 

 by the large mill companies. 



Second growth lands support stands of shortleaf pine and mixed hard- 

 woods. Lands in this type are located almost entirely in the western 

 portion of the county, the exception being a small scattered acreage of 

 old fields. While but little importance is attached to the future value 



