GENERAL ADMINISTRATION AND PROTECTION. 61 



pleted report, does not entitle the one supervising the work to assume credit as 

 the author. 



(9) When a man undertakes a publication concerning work of which he has 

 charge, the necessity of acknowledgments to those who have either assisted in 

 gathering the data or contributed to the writing of the work under his direction 

 is a matter of administrative judgment. It would be absurd for the chief of a 

 field party conducting an investigation to feel it incumbent upon him to name 

 all the members of the party and state what measurements had been taken by 

 each: and the good of f the Service often requires that one man should prepare 

 matter for another man to use as though it were his own. On the other hand, 

 the holding of a superior position does not entitle any one to take credit for 

 another man's work. The deciding principle must be the good of the Service, 

 before which every personal consideration must give way. 



(10) When publications combine the original work of several different men, 

 no one of whom can. in fairness to the others, be recognized as the principal 

 contributor to the completed study, one of two courses may be followed : 



(a) If there is a compiler who has contributed in an important degree to the 

 working up of the final conclusions, he may be recognized as the author; but 

 the first paragraph of the bulletin should be an apportionment of credit indi- 

 cating what is, in the judgment of the administrative officer in immediate 

 charge of the work, the relative share of credit which belongs to the compiler 

 and to the various persons whose results are utilized. 



(6) If the compiler's share in the work is, in the judgment of the adminis- 

 trative officer in charge, relatively subordinate, it is manifestly an injustice to 

 the others concerned to permit the compiler's name to appear on the title-page 

 without their own names. In such cases it would be better not to put any 

 name on the title-page, but to apportion the credit in the opening paragraph 

 of the publication. 



(11) Minor contributions, either in the form of footnotes or of short passages 

 for insertion in the body of the text, consisting of discussions of technical 

 points falling within the field of a branch or office other than that in which 

 the publication originates, should generally be given freely without the expecta- 

 tion of credit. The Service can not follow the same method which the author of 

 an outside publication would in giving credit to every one who had rendered any 

 assistance. Nevertheless in some cases acknowledgment for even a small con- 

 tribution which is essentially original work may properly be made. It is 

 believed impossible to lay down a hard and fast rule. Much will depend on 

 the context. On the one hand, matter should be furnished cheerfully without 

 stickling for acknowledgment. On the other hand, if the effectiveness of pre- 

 sentation of the subject matter is not interfered with by the giving of credit, 

 such credit may be given. 



(12) In general it is better for -authors in preparing manuscripts to give too 

 many credits than too few. The past usage has, on the whole, erred on the 

 side of too. little consideration of what might be done to acknowledge assistance 

 received. The editing of publications will, however, include taking into con- 

 sideration whether the acknowledgment made by the author should stand. In 

 case of the failure of the editor and the author or person given credit by the 

 author to agree, after consultation with the chief of the originating branch, the 

 point at issue may be laid before the Forester. 



To sum up : It is desirable to give credit for original work, in so far as this 

 is possible without detracting from the value of the publication through minute 

 or excessive acknowledgments or interruptions of the continuity of presentation. 



Review of Manuscripts. 



Manuscripts intended for publication which originate in a district office will 

 not be transmitted by the District Forester to the Forester until they have been 

 carefully reviewed in the district office and are approved by the District Forester 

 as complete and satisfactory. They should then be submitted to the Forester. 

 If approved by the chief of branch, they will be submitted to the editor for final 

 review. When submitted to the editor they must be accompanied by the neces- 

 sary illustrations, tables, and diagrams, and must bear the initials of the chief 

 of branch, as well as those of the District Forester (if they originated in a 

 district office), the chief of office, and the author. Manuscripts will be taken 

 up for review in the order in which they are received and registered. Chiefs 

 of branch may at any time make changes in the order in which manuscripts 

 originating in their respective branches shall be taken up. but only by direction 

 of the Forester shall any manuscript of one branch be given precedence over 

 that of another which was registered earlier. 



