54 NATIONAL FOREST MANUAL GRAZING. 



thereafter, is what is meant by " prior use" or "regular occupancy." 

 So far as is consistent with other conditions, preference will be given 

 to those who have continuously used the range for the longest period. 

 Ranch Property Must be Owned. 



A person can not qualify as a permittee through the leasing of land 

 or ranch property. Only actual owners of ranch property used in 

 connection with the permitted stock will be recognized as qualified to 

 share in the use of the Forest ranges, except on the basis of prior use. 



Cooperative Association. 



A cooperative association is an organization formed for purposes 

 of economical management of stock upon the range, wherein the 

 stock of the different owners are run together under joint manage- 

 ment, although each member retains absolute personal title and right 

 of possession to the stock grazed in his name, enjoys actual personal 

 use of the range to the full extent of his permit, and acknowledges 

 personal responsibility for the proper management oi his stock 

 within the Forest. Each member of such a cooperative association 

 must make individual application for the number of stock for which 

 he desires permit. The approval of the application will be based 

 upon the individual qualifications of the applicant. In no case will 

 the total number of stock grazed under permit by all members of a 

 cooperative association be allowed to exceed the established maxi- 

 mum limit. 

 Use of Common Brand or Mark. 



The use of a common mark or brand and the distribution of profits, 

 losses, and running expenses on a pro rata basis will not be consid- 

 ered objectionable, if conclusive proof is submitted to show that no 

 part of the benefits derived from grazing each specific number of stock 

 upon the National Forest range is to be shared by others than the 

 permittee. 

 Firm, Partnership, or Copartnership. 



An association of two or more persons who join together their 

 money, labor, or goods for the purpose of carrying on a business 

 enterprise with intent to divide profits and losses in proportion to the 

 capital, labor, or stock contributed, each member of the firm holding 

 a joint interest in the property of the firm and being jointly responsi- 

 ble for any liability or indebtedness, will be considered a partnership. 



A firm or copartnership must be in either class B or class C, for it 

 can not be in class A. It can establish a grazing preference in two 

 ways. By use and occupancy of the lands included within the Forest 

 prior to its creation, and by the purchase of the stock or ranches, or 

 both, of a permittee under conditions justifying a renewal of the 

 permit. 

 Corporation. 



A body formed and authorized by law to act as a single person 

 during a fixed or indefinite period as specified in the charter. Title 

 to all corporate property is vested in the corporation, shareholders 

 having only an undivided interest in the business and assets of the 

 corporation, represented by transferable shares of stock, and usually 

 being exempted from personal liability for the debts or obligations of 

 the corporation. 



A corporation can not be given the same consideration as an indi- 

 vidual owner; it must be in class B or C. Between two corporations, 



