OF VIRGINIA 



of the black walnut will easily distinguish the tree. The butternut is 

 elongated and smaller than the round black walnut. In the wood, 

 color of the heartweed differentiates the two. The white walnut 

 heartwood is light gray-brown. 



CUCUMBER 



Virginia and West Virginia together cut a very large per cent of 

 the cucum'ber timber reported in 1909. This tree frequents the moun- 

 tain slopes and grows to large and symmetrical proportion and is of 

 handsome appearance. It is a member of the magnolia family and its 

 fruit is somewhat similar in form and appearance to cucumbers. The 

 appearance and physical qualities of the wood so resemble yellow poplar 

 that the uses of the two are nearly identical, and as a rule in commerce 

 no distinction is made. Owing to this it is probable that the manu- 

 factures used more cucumber than the table shows and reported it as 

 yellow poplar. 



RED CEDAR 



Red cedar is a widely distributed tree growing in practically all 

 of the States north of the Gulf State region. In Virginia it is found 

 throughout the State. Large matured trees are most abundant, but 

 scattered, in the western part. Although other juniper woods are used, 

 red cedar meets almost the entire demand for lead pencil material and 

 for this purpose much of it is shipped abroad, the demand for such 

 wood greatly exceeding the supply. Furniture, mothproof chests, and 

 woodenware, are other commodities manufactured from this wood in 

 Virginia. The wood is very desirabh and finds its greatest demands 

 for fence posts. 



PACIFIC COAST WOODS 



Douglas fir is often spoken of in the Eastern States as Oregon 

 spruce or western fir. It is neither a true spruce nor fir, as the tree 

 is more nearly related to the hemlocks. The wood resembles yellow 

 pine and is a competitor of it, especially for rough construction. Its 

 presence, therefore so far from home, in a principal yellow pine State 

 is quite indicative of the future of the wood in the eastern markets. 

 Three-quarters of a million feet of Douglas fir come to the manufac- 

 turers of Virginia annually from the Oregon and Washington forests, 

 but according to reports of the wood-using industries of those States, 

 the Oregon and Washington manufacturers do not report using any 

 yellow pine. The cut of yellow pine in the country at large is the only 

 one which exceeds Douglas fir. The yellow pine production, however, 

 is the combined cut of seven species, but the yield of Douglas fir is 



