APPRECIATION OF INTELLIGENCE 19 



gation cited above found 10 % of the boys and 13 % of the 

 girls to be dolichocephah'c. Further, Table II shows clearly 

 that there is no significant relationship between shape of 

 head and intelligence, negative differences in mean and 

 variability among the boys being accompanied by positive 

 differences among the girls, the latter being possibly 

 significant. Such small differences, however, can only be 

 detected by making careful measurements of the crania ; 

 mere inspection of the heads of the children is obviously 

 useless. 



Almost equal importance is attached by Dr. Warner to 

 defects of the palate. On p. 22 of his Report he says: 

 * Defect of the Palate, though less frequent than that of the 

 cranium, stands next to it as having an almost equally high 

 pathological co-relation.' He found that 2 % of the children 

 had ' defects of palate ' ^ which included ' Narrow ', ' V- 

 shaped ', ' Arched or Vaulted ', ' Cleft ', and * Other Defec- 

 tive Types '. Out of 796 boys and 525 girls with defective 

 palates in the first part of the investigation, 324 boys and 

 232 girls are said to be ' mentally dull ', or 407 % and 44-2 % 

 respectively, as compared with '^-'^^ % and 6''>^ % among the 

 whole 50,000 children. We have thus a close relationship 

 between defects of palate and mental dullness. 



Now here again it is possible to compare Dr. Warner's 

 results with those of another investigation in which, instead 

 of relying on mere inspection, direct measurements were 

 used. In 1905 Drs. Channing and Wissler published the 

 results of a comparative examination of the hard palates of 

 normal and feeble-minded individuals.^ This investigation 



^ But all the children were not examined for defects of palate. See p. 28 

 below. 



' Comparative Measurements of the Hard Palate in Normal and Feeble- 

 Minded Individuals. A Preliminary Report. By Walter Channing, M.D., 



B 2 



