28 GREENLAND GLACIERS AND SEA-ICE. 



to the labours of Smith of Jordanhill, 1 Lyell, 2 Chambers, 3 Milne- 

 Home, 4 Darwin, 5 Fleming, 6 Murchison, 7 Peach, 8 Jamieson, 9 Eamsay, 10 

 Thomas Brown, 11 Crosskey, 12 McBain, 13 Howden, 14 Jolly, 15 Archibald 

 Geikie, 16 James Geikie, 17 and many other geologists, we are in 

 possession of a body of facts which enable us to reason on the 

 subject with a degree of certainty which would otherwise have 

 been impossible. Let us then examine in a concise manner the 

 subject of the present glaciation of Greenland and other Arctic 

 countries, and ice-action generally. 



Previously to doing so, I may say that I have enjoyed oppor- 

 tunities of studying ice-action in British Columbia, Washington 

 Territory, Oregon, California, &c, and on the western and eastern 

 shores of Davis Straits and Baffin Bay — that I have voyaged over 

 the seas of Spitzbergen and Greenland — that I have passed a whole 

 summer in the Danish possessions in Greenland, at a post situated 

 in close proximity to the great ice-fjord Jakobshavn, one of the chief 

 sources of icebergs in Mid-Greenland — and that, as already men- 

 tioned, I was one of those who attempted a journey over this great 



1 ' Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc' vol. vi. ; ' Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural 

 History Society,' vol. viii. ; and 'Newer Pliocene Geology.' 



2 ' Proc. Geol. Soc.,' vol. iii. ; ' Antiquity of Man ; ' ' Elements ' and ' Prin- 

 ciples,' &c. &c. 



3 'Ancient Sea Margins,' and ' Edin. New Phil. Journ.' 1853 and 1855. 



4 'Coal-fields of Mid-Lothian;' 'Trans. Roy. Soc. Ediu.,' vol. xvi.; ibid. 

 vol. xxv. 1869, &c. * ' Phil. Trans., 1839.' 



6 'The Geological Deluge, as interpreted by Baron Cuvier and Professor 

 Buekland, inconsistent with the Testimony of Moses aud the Phenomena of 

 Nature ; ' ' Lithology of Edinburgh,' &c. 



7 'Brit. Assoc. Rep.,' vol. xx,; 'Proc. R.G.S.,' vol. vii. ; 'Russia in Europe.' 

 &c. &c. 



8 ' Proceedings of the Royal Physical Society,' Edin. 1861 ; « Edin. New Phil. 

 Journ.,' n. s. vol. ii. &c. 



9 ' Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc.,' vols. xiv. xvi. xviii. xix. and xxiv. 



10 ' Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc.,' vol. xviii. ; ' Glaciers of Wales,' &c. 



11 * Trans. Roy. Soc. Edin.,' vol. xxiv. 



12 ' Trans. Geol. Soc. Glasgow,' vols. ii. and iii. 



13 'Proc. Roy. Phys. Soc. Edin.' 1859-186-2. 



14 ' Proc. Roy. Phys. Soc.,' and ' Trans. Geol. Soc. Edin.,' vol. i. 



15 ' Trans. Geol. Soc. Edin.' vol. i. 



18 ' Scenery of Scotland; ' ' Edin. New Phil. Journ.' 1861 ; ' Trans. Geol. Soc. 

 Glasgow,' vols. i. iii. &c. 



17 'Trans. Geol. Soc. Glasgow," vol. iii.; 'The Great Ice Age' (1874). That 

 this list by no means exhausts the names of those who by their writings have 

 advanced the subject, or contains all the papers of those mentioned, is self- 

 evident. The names of Bald, Imrie, Hall, MacCulloch, Dick-Lander, Trevelyan, 

 J. D. and E. Forbes, Hibbert, Maxwell. Prestwich, Maclaren, Craig, Lands- 

 borough, Mackenzie, Professor Jas. Thomson, Nicol, Cumming, Cleghorn, Smith, 

 Miller, Hopkins, Brickenden, Bryce, Martin, Hall, Macintosh, Murphy, Lubbock, 

 the Duke of Argyll, Seailes, Wood, jun , Croll, De Ranee, and others, are 

 familiar as having done good service; but I have only referred to the papers 

 which have come immediate! v before me. 



