EXTENT OF GEOGRAPHICAL KNOWLEDGE. 269 



Eskimos, it may be conjectured that the settlement was destroyed 

 by them and the inhabitants put to death ; and that after somo 

 time had elapsed, the people of Point Barrow would be induced to 

 extend their journeys eastward farther in search of those whose 

 goods they had been accustomed to receive, and at length meeting 

 with other people, none of whom they had ever before seen, the 

 establishment of a regular trade, as at present existing at Barter 

 Point, would be the result. 



Point Hope is generally visited by parties in the winter, who 

 perform the journey in fifteen to twenty days, returning to Nu-wuk 

 at the end of two moons. From that Cape, therefore, to a little 

 beyond Barter Point, a distance of about 600 miles, is the extent 

 of coast with which the Point Barrow people are actually acquainted, 

 and their personal knowledge of the interior may be said to extend 

 to fifty miles. But besides this they also know, by report, the 

 names of more distant countries and their inhabitants ; thus the 

 people they trade with at Barter Point are called Ka'ng-ma-li en'- 

 gu-in, whose winter huts are probably at Demarcation Point ; among 

 them they have occasionally seen a few Ko-pan'g-meun, Great 

 River (Mackenzie) people, whom they distinguish by having a 

 tattooed band across the face. Beyond the Mackenzie is a country 

 called Kit-te-ga'-ru, and farther still, but very distant, one inhabited 

 by the people who make the stone lamps before spoken of. So far 

 they speak with confidence ; and then relate the story of a singular 

 race of men living somewhere in that direction, who have two faces, 

 one in front and the other at the back of the head. In each face is 

 one large eye in the centre of the forehead, and a large mouth 

 armed with formidable teeth. Their dogs, which are their constant 

 companions, are similarly provided with a single eye in each. 

 This fable seems to refer to the tribe of Indians who are said by 

 their neighbours to see the arrows of their enemies behind them. 



Of the Indians they know but little personally, having only seen 

 a few on rare occasions; but they appear to know them well- by 

 report, both from the Ka'ng-ma-li-meun and Nu-na-tan'g-meun. 

 Under the general term lt'-ka-lyi, they describe them as a dan- 

 gerous people, well armed with guns, who reside in the moun- 

 tainous districts far away to the south and east of the Colville. 

 The inland Eskimo also call them Ko'-yu-kan, and divide them 

 into three sections or tribes, two of which they know, and say they 

 have different modes of dancing. Ono is called It'-ka lvi, and 

 inhabits the It'-ka-ling Kiver, east of the Colville ; the second, 

 It-kal-ya'-ru-in, whose country is farther south ; and the third, 

 whom they have never seen, but only heard of as the people who 



