282 ETHNOLOGICAL HINTS 



not lower jaws and teeth. On collection, they should be at once 

 marked with tribal name, in ink if possible, to prevent confusion. 



7. Diseases. — Careful observations upon their names, natures, 

 peculiarities, &c, and their modes of treatment, if they can be 

 ascertained. 



8. Careful Observations of the habits and modes of life of the 

 people : their social, intellectual, and moral state. 



9. Portraits, by drawing or photography, should not on any 

 account be omitted, if attainable. 



10. Articles of dress, implements, &c, should be collected. 



11. Systems of Belationship. — (See ' Journal of Anthropological 

 Institute ' (vol. i. p. 1), paper by Sir J. Lubbock, President.) 



12. Language. — As complete a vocabulary as circumstances will 

 allow should be recorded. 



2. — Enquiries as to Beligion, Mythology, and Sociology of 

 Eskimo Tribes. By E. B. Tylor, Esq., f.r.s. 



1. What ideas have they as to souls and other spirits ? What do 

 they think of dreams and visions ? are they appearances of spirits ? 

 Are trances, &c, set down to exit of soul? Are hysterics, convul- 

 sions, &c, ascribed to demoniacal possession? 



2. Does the soul continue to exist after death ? is there any dif- 

 ference made in the fate of souls ? and, if so, is the difference due 

 to their conduct in life ? Is there any transmigration of souls ? 



3. Are there spirits in rocks, springs, mountains, &c. ? if so, what 

 are their appearance, functions, and names ? 



4. Are there any great gods believed in (e.g., a sun god), &c. ? 

 Especially is there one called Torngarsuk, or Great Spirit ? 



5. What prayers, sacrifices, fasts, ceremonial dances, religious 

 festivals, &c, have they ? 



6. What sorcerers or seers have they ? how brought up, and prac- 

 tising what crafts ? What necromancy, divinations, and other magic 

 arts have they ? 



7. What legends of gods and heroes have they? What stories 

 which seem to relate to personified natural phenomena, sun, 

 moon, &c. ? 



8. What actions and dispositions are considered good and bad, 

 virtuous and vicious ? Does public opinion make much difference in 

 treatment of virtuous and vicious? Are there any set laws and 

 penalties ? what restraint is there on theft, murder, adultery, &c. ? 

 Do acts count as criminal differently when done on a member of 

 the tribe or foreigners ? What is the native law or custom as to 



