104 ARTISTIC HORSE-SHOEING. 



CLiliar to the disease, and never accompanies ordinary cold, 

 in which, also, the discharge is almost always equally co- 

 pious from both nostrils. From strang-les it may readily be 

 disting-uished by the absence of suppuration in the glands, 

 and by the hardness and adhesion of them to the jaw. 

 Glander, likewise, is the disease of old or adult animals, 

 while strangles very rarely attacks an^' but young ones. 

 In strangles, also, the mucous membrane lining the nose is 

 intensely red, while in glanders it is onl}^ moderately so ; 

 the discharge likewise in strangles is profuse from the first. 

 The cause of glanders is almost always contagion; but 

 in some few cases it appears to be generated, or rather to 

 degenerate, from common catarrh or strangles. Still it is 

 very difficult to arrive at certain conclusions upon this sub- 

 ject, because, instead of degenerating, it may only have 

 assumed the form of these milder diseases at first, and yet 

 all the time have been true glanders. But whether it is 

 so or not, it appears quite clear that many cases appar- 

 entl3^ of these mild diseases graduall}^ became converted 

 into glanders from some cause or other, and are then to- 

 tall}^ incurable. The point at which the change takes place 

 cannot be defined ; but the most experienced surgeons be- 

 gin by pronouncing them cases of common cold or stran- 

 gles, and end by asserting that they are true glanders ; 

 and the state of the constitution marks the alteration, tlie 

 horse having become thin and haggard, with his coat star- 

 ing and rough. Mr. Coleman relate a case in which several 

 sound horses on board ship were obliged to be closely con- 

 fined under closed hatches, in consequence of which some of 

 them were sulTocated, and the remainder showed unmis- 



