horse has speed and is driven on sharp turns on half-mile 

 tracks, but it is not as dangerous as the winging in hard 

 to knees. Paddling is more easily controlled than winging 

 in. Now to straighten the paddler, fix the foot on the leg 

 that paddles, by cutting or rasping the inside of the foot 

 from the inside toe back to the inside heel as low as pos- 

 sible, leaving the outside toe the highest or longest to leave 

 the ground from. Be sure and have the inside of foot the 

 lowest, the outside toe the longest. To begin this an angle 

 close to 50 degrees or less, say 49, will have wonderful 

 effect. The long or high toe on the outside will have a 

 tendency to make the leg wing towards his knees at speed 

 which is the controlling influence against paddling. The 

 long or high outside toe is the part that has to leave the 

 ground the last, which creates winging, and helps to stop 

 paddling. To shoe a paddler, shoe with a light shoe, with 

 as little weight as possible to go balanced. The more 

 weight the more he will paddle, the less weight the less 

 paddle. 



The best shoe for a bad paddler is a side-weight shoe 

 extra heavy on the outside of foot, bevel the outside edges 

 of front shoes good. If the change of action is not quick 

 enough you can use a toe weight placed on the foot well 

 to the outside toe of foot. When I could not get the inside 

 of foot low enough compared with the outside of foot I 

 have made the front shoes thicker on the outside than the 

 inside. When you have fixed the feet and shod a paddler 

 this way you will begin to think that paddling can be stopped 

 when at speed. Most paddlers must go as light in front as 

 possible. With the feet fixed and shod as herein stated 

 you will be surprised at the change of action that will 

 take place when at speed, after a week's driving. The faster 

 the paddler is driven the less paddling he will be doing. 

 The outside of the foot on a paddler needs to be kept the 

 highest, which is just to the reverse of a knee and arm 



-18- 



