hitter, this applies to the front feet and action of the front 

 legs. 



XV. HOW TO MAKE A SHOE TO PREVENT 

 PADDLING. 



Take a piece of iron or steel two or three ounces 

 heavier than the shoe the horse has been carrying and draw 

 one end of it very light having it quite thin. Make a heavy 

 outside weight shoe of it, leaving all the thickness at the 

 outside toe of shoe, thin the outside heel down to the 

 same as the inside heel. The outside edge of this shoe will 

 be thick, but tapering thin to the inside edge of the outside 

 web of shoe. This shoe begins to get light, narrow and 

 very thin at centre of toe around to inside heel. Look up 

 article on foot fixing to prevent paddling at speed when 

 using this shoe. The horse's foot will have to leave the 

 ground from the outside toe of this shoe when stepping 

 fast and this will have a tendency to make him wing in, 

 and the line of action will become straighter as the animal 

 becomes accustomed to it. This change can be quite radical, 

 on a horse that has been paddling a long time, and not so 

 rank on young stock just beginning to get gaited. This 

 shoe does not stop the paddling on all animals when jog- 

 ging slow as the foot can leave the ground or break over 

 from center or inside toe of shoe, which has no control to 

 prevent a slight paddle. 



XVI. HITCHING, HOPPING OR RUNNING 

 BEHIND. 



This way of going comes from different causes. An 

 unbalanced foot from being improperly fixed, will cause it. 

 The improper weight of shoes at one end or the other, or 

 all around, will cause it; speeding a colt or horse that is 

 pulling too much weight, especially up a grade, will cause 



