need to be properly balanced to go the distance on as light 

 a pull on the bit as possible. If you depend on balancing 

 them by holding them together by pulling against their jaws 

 you are a back number for a youngster or aged horse is not 

 doing his work in comfort and with ease going against a 

 heavy pull on the bit. There is nothing that will wear out 

 a yearling, two-year-old or three-year-old quicker than hard 

 pulling against the bit, for it over-taxes the muscles of the 

 propelling power caused by being unbalanced. Their pro- 

 pelling muscles will stand it for a while, but not for long. 

 If you can get your colt or horse properly balanced he 

 will not pull you, he would rather go at speed in com- 

 fort and ease to himself than to get unhinged in the 

 back propelling against a heavy pull on the lines. The 

 trainers that can detect or locate faulty action and know 

 what to do to remedy the same are the ones that make 

 a success of developing, conditioning and driving in races. 

 It takes judgment, a good eye and ear to detect faulty 

 action. It takes an expert to detect a badly fixed foot 

 that was intended to help the line of action. 



XXX. TO CONVERT A PACER TO TROT. 



Begin by fixing his feet, cut or rasp the quarters and 

 heels of all four feet down as low as possible without get- 

 ting any sole pressure against the shoes that are fitted. 

 Have the length of toes as near alike as the case will permit, 

 I mean by not taking anything off the toes of front feet or 

 hind feet, supposing the toes are near alike, he will need all 

 the toe possible to convert him to the trot from the pace. 

 Shoe front feet with a heavy toe weight shoe, it may take 

 fifteen or seventeen ounces. If you have to use any toe 

 weight while going slow it is best to weld spur on toe of 

 shoe and use a toe weight fitted to the spur. It is best in 

 his case, in order to convert the pacer to trot, to have a 



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