APH 



[56] 



APH 



sand, under a bell-glass. Summer temp 

 55 to 65 j winter, 40 to 47. 



A. ericoi'des (heath-like). 1. White. June. 



Cape of Good Hope. 1796. 

 fascicula'ta (fascicled). 2. Purple yellow. 



June. Cape of Good Hope. 1799. 

 a'lba (white-flowered . 2. White. 



July. Cape of Good Hope. 1799. 



ru'bra (red-flowered). 2. Red. 

 July. Cape of Good Hope. 1799. 



versi' color (party-coloured) . 2. 

 Variegated. July. Cape of Good 

 Hope. 1799. 



htfmilis (dwarf). 2. Pink. May. Cape of 



Good Hope. 1810. 

 macro,' ntha (large-flowered dwarf). 



2. Purple. New Holland. 1840. 



ro'sea (rose large-flowered dwarf). 



2. Rose. Gardens. 1845. 

 purpurea (purple large-flowered 



dwarf). 2. Purple. New Holland. 



1840. 



sesamoi'dcs (sesamun-like) . 2. Purple 



white. May. Cape of Good Hope. 

 1739. 



A'PHIS. The plant-louse, or green 

 fly ; called sometimes the pwer&n, or 

 vine-fretter. It is usual to consider that 

 every plant liable to be attacked by this 

 insect is the victim of some especial spe- 

 cies ; but we think that further exami- 

 nation will reduce the number of species 

 very considerably. Difference in colour 

 certainly does not constitute a specific 

 difference; for the rose-louse is green 

 when the shoots of the rose are green, 

 but red when the shoots are of this co- 

 lour. The amount of injury they cause 

 to a plant, by robbing it of its sap or 

 blood, is proportioned to their num- 

 ber, and the time they are allowed to 

 infest the subject of their attack; and 

 the amount of that injury may be appre- 

 ciated by the fact, that the hop-duty is 

 often 468,000 ; but the hop -louse 

 (Aphis humuli) frequently so destroys 

 the crop as to reduce it to little more 

 than 15,000. The green fly on our 

 roses (Aphis Rosce) is that of which we 

 will now offer a few particulars. It is 

 curious that these always are most abun- 

 dant after the prevalence of easterly 

 winds; and Mr. Jenyns observed in 

 Cambridgeshire, during October, and Mr. 

 White at Selborne, in August, myriads 

 of aphides, in both instances, after the 

 wind had been for some time easterly. 

 So fast do they multiply, twenty genera- 

 tions being producible in one year, and 

 the young in the autumn being bora alive 



and not from an egg, Reaumur has 

 shewn that one female may be the ances- 

 tor of nearly six millions in five genera- 

 tions ! It is needless to describe minutely 

 the rose aphis. It is usually light green, 

 with green wood and red, with red wood, 

 with brown antenna and legs, and trans- 

 parent iridescent wings. They fre- 

 quently change their skins; and these 

 may be seen hanging about the leaves 

 and shoots of the rose. The males may 

 be known by a double row of black dots 

 on each of their sides. The most effec- 

 tual of all applications for their destruc- 

 tion is tobacco - smoke ; and the best 

 mode of applying it is to cover the bush 

 with a sheet, and fill the space enclosed 

 with the smoke, by means of Brown's 

 fumigator. 



Aphis pyrimali is of a grass green co- 

 lour, attacking the apple and pear. To 

 prevent its appearance, the following; 

 treatment is said to be very effectual. 

 The application must be made every other 

 if not every year ; but once in two years 

 may be sufficient, if thoroughly well done. 

 Take 1 Ib. sulphur vivum, 1 Ib. Scotch 

 snuff, 1 Ib. quicklime, ~ Ib. lamp-black, 

 1 Ib. soft-soap, and of water sufficient to 

 make it into the consistence of paint. 

 Unnail your trees about February, be- 

 fore the bloom-buds begin to swell, and 

 with a common paint-brush paint every 

 branch from the ground upwards. 



A. persicffi is dark green, and is pecu- 

 liar to the peach and nectarine. 



A. pruni ravages the plum tribes, and 

 is a very light green. 



A. fabce^ known popularly as the Black 

 Dolphin and Elephant, is black, and at- 

 tacks the common bean. The tops of 

 beans attacked by the black dolphin 

 should be forthwith removed ; and 

 smaller plants may be syringed with 

 tobacco-water, or water in which elder- 

 leaves have been boiled ; which applica- 

 tions are all fatal to the aphis ; syringing 

 with soap-suds on two or three following 

 days is also effectual. 

 A. pisi is green, and affects the pea. 



