BIE 



[130] 



BIG 



or April. Requires the protection of a 

 cold pit during winter, or a very dry shel- 

 tered place. 

 2?.orf</ra(sweet). Yellow. May. Altaia. 1837. 



BIENNIAL, from bictmts, the Latin 

 for, of two years' continuance, is a plant 

 which, being produced from seed in one 

 year, perfects its seed and dies during 

 the year following. Biennials may often 

 be made to endure longer if prevented 

 ripening their seeds, and many exotics, 

 biennials in their native climes, are 

 perennials in our stoves. 



Hardy biennials . Some of these ripen 

 their seeds as early as August, in which 

 case they may be sown as soon as har- 

 vested. Others, ripening their seeds 

 later, must have these reserved from 

 sowing until May. The double varieties 

 of wall-flowers, stocks, &c., are propa- 

 gated by cuttings. 



Frame biennials. These require the 

 shelter of a frame during the early stages 

 of their growth ; to be removed thence 

 in May to the borders, where they bloom 

 in July and August. 



BIFKENA'RIA. (From Its, twice, and 

 fremum, a strap ; in reference to a double 

 strap or band by means of which the 

 pollen masses are connected with their 

 gland. Nat. ord., Orchids [Orchidaccoe]. 

 Linn., 10-Gynandria, \-monandria; al- 

 lied to Maxillaria). Stove Orchids. Of- 

 sets and divisions. Peat, sphagnum, 

 charcoal, and broken pots ; raised above 

 the surface of pots, or in baskets. Sum- 

 mer temp., 60 to 85 ; winter, 60 to 65, 

 and rather dry. 



B.atropurptfrea (dark purple). Dark purple. 

 Rio Janeiro. 1828. 



aitranti'aca (orange coloured) . . Orange 



spotted. September. Demerara. 



aitreo-frflva (orange-tawny). Orange. Rio 



Janeiro. 1843. 



lonyico'rnis (long-horned). Orange brown. 



Demerara. 



vitelli'na (yolk-coloured). Yellow. Rio 



Janeiro. 1843. 



BIGNO'NIA. Trumpet Flower. (Named 

 after Abbe Bignon, librarian to Louis XIV. 

 Nat. ord., Bignoniads [Bignoniaccoel 

 Linn., \k-I)idynamia, 2-artgwspcniitt/'). 

 This order furnishes the most gorgeous 

 climbers in the world; natives of the 

 tropical forests in either hemisphere ; a 

 tenth part of which are said not to be 

 yet introduced to our gardens. Stove 



evergreen climbers, except where other- 

 wise specified. Propagated easily by 

 young stiff side-shoots, taken off in sum- 

 mer, inserted in sand under a bell-glass, 

 and placed in bottom heat ; peat and 

 loam. Summer temp., 60 to 75 ; win- 

 ter, 45 to 55. These mostly produce 

 their flowers on short shoots, proceeding 

 from well ripened buds of the previous 

 year' s wood. Few do well as pot plants ; 

 they like to ramble over the roof of a 

 cold stove. If the wood is well hardened 

 in summer, many of them do well on the 

 rafters of a common greenhouse, and 

 flower more freely than they would do 

 in a stove, but you must have patience 

 until they fairly mount the rafters. 

 Jasminoides may be taken as a type 

 of these. The only hardy species is 

 Capreolata, which is an ornamental wall- 

 climber in a sheltered situation; propa- 

 gated easily by cuttings of its roots, or 

 shoots under a hand-glass in spring or 

 autumn. It has been recommended to 

 try Cruoigera in similar situations grafted 

 on Capreolata. The Eadicans and its 

 near neighbour but prettier Grandiflora, 

 the only other hardy species of the order, 

 have been transferred to TECOMA, which 

 sec. The difference in the genera con- 

 sisting chiefly in the partition of the 

 fruit being parallel in Bignonia and 

 contrary in Tecoma. 



B.adcnophy'lla (gland-leaved). East Indies. 

 1832. 



a'lba( white). 8. "White. Guiana. 1823. 



allirfcen (garlic scented). 10. Yellow. West 



Indies. 1790. 



amafna (pleasing). 20. Yellow. East Indies. 



1828. 



apureftisis (Apures). 10. Yellow. Orinoco. 



1824. 



cequinoctia'lis (equinoctial). 40. Yellow. 



June. Guiana. 1768. 



asculiflo'ra (horse-chesnut-flowcred). 20. 



Yellow. Mexico. 



bijii'ga (twin-leaved). 6. Madagascar. 1822. 



ca'ndicans (whitish). 10. Cayenne. 1820. 



capreola'ta (tendrilled) . 15. Scarlet. June. 



North America. 1710. 



Caroli'na: (Carolina). 10. Cream. Carolina. 



Chanibcrlaifnii (Chamberlayne's). 40. Yel- 



low. August. Brazil. '1820. 



Chi'ca (Chica). 10. Orinoco. 1819. 



chirc're (Chirere). 10. Red orange. Guiana. 



1824. 



ckrysa'ntha (yellow-flowered). 10. Yellow. 



Guiana. 1823. 



c/irj/so/Wcrt (yellowish white). 10 Yellowish 



white. July. South America. 1824. 



Clematis (Clematis). 15. Caraccas. 1820. 



crena'ta (round-notched). 10. East Indies. 



1823. 



