CAR 



[200] 



CAR 



body is slightly hairy; the first segment 

 after the head is whitish, with minute 

 brown spots ; the other segments are of a 

 pale colour, with about eight small tu- 

 bercles on each ; each of the three ante- 

 rior segments is furnished with a pair of 

 legs, and there are a pair of feet at the 

 extremity of the body. In its early 

 state it is of a dirty reddish or fle'sh 

 colour. The caterpillar wanders ,^bout 

 on the ground till it finds the stem of a 

 tree, up which it climbs, and hides itself 

 in some little crack of the bark. The 

 fall of the apple, the exit of the grub, and 

 its wandering to this place of safety, 

 usually take place in the night-time. It 

 gnaws away the bark a little, and having 

 made a smooth chamber, spins a little 

 milk-white silken case, in which, after a 

 few weeks, it becomes a chrysalis ; and 

 in this state it remains through the 

 winter, and until the following June, 

 when the moth comes forth, and is to be 

 seen hovering round the young apples 

 on a midsummer evening. The moth 

 itself, of which we give a cut, of the 

 natural size and magnified, is a very 

 beautiful insect, about three- quarters of 

 an inch in expanse : fore wings ashy- 

 brown, with very numerous, rather ob- 

 scure, darker, transverse streaks, united 

 into a broadish band towards the base, 

 giving them a damasked appearance. 

 On the hind border of the fore wings is 

 a large reddish-brown patch, spotted and 

 surrounded with a golden mark. The 

 hind wings reddish-brown, tinged with 

 yellow. The moth lays its eggs in the 

 eyes of the young apples, one only in 

 each, by inserting its long ovipositor 

 (egg-tube) between the divisions of the 

 calyx. As soon as the egg is hatched, 

 the little grub gnaws a hole in the crown 

 of the apple, and soon buries itself in its 

 substance ; and it is worthy of remark, 

 that the rind of the apple, as if selected 

 for the purpose, is thinner here than in 

 any other part, and consequently more 

 easily pierced. The apple most com- 

 monly attacked is the codlin. It will 

 be evident, from the preceding details of 

 the habits of this moth, that there are 

 considerable difficulties in the way of its 

 extirpation. It is impossible, for in- 

 stance, to be aware of the presence of 

 the enemy within the fruit, until the 



mischief is actually completed ; and, in 

 like manner, the destruction of the moth, 

 from its small size, and its habit of 

 secreting itself in crevices of the bark, 

 &c., is equally impracticable. The 

 gathering up of the worm-eaten apples 

 immediately after their fall, and before 

 the enclosed caterpillar has had time to 

 escape, cannot but be attended with good 

 effect ; care, however, must be taken to 

 destroy the larvae, which would other- 

 wise very speedily make their escape. 

 The cocoons also may be destroyed in 

 in the chinks of the bark during the 

 autumn and winter. (The Cottage Gar- 

 dener, ii. 63). 



CARPODE'TES. (From karpos, a fruit, 

 and detos, tied ; the fruit or capsule is as 

 much constricted as if tied in the mid- 

 dle. Nat. ord., Amaryllids [Amaryllida- 

 ceae]. Linn., Q-Hexandria, \-Monogy- 

 nia. Allied to Eucrosia and Liperiza). 

 C.recu 'rvata (bent-back). A purplish long- 

 necked bulb, with purplish yellow flowers, 

 from Peru, where it is called by the 

 natives Chichuanhuaita, constitutes this 

 genus. It requires the same treatment 

 as Coburgia. 



CARPODO'NTOS. (From karpos, fruit, 

 and odontos, toothed ; in reference to the 

 toothed ends of the fruit cells. Nat. 

 ord., Tutsans [Hypericaceos]. Linn., 13- 

 Polyandria, 6-Pentagynia}. Greenhouse 

 shrub. Cuttings of small side shoots, in 

 sand, under a bell-glass, in April ; peat 

 and loam. Summer temp., 55 to 70 ; 

 winter, 40 to 45. 



C. lu'cida (shining). 20. White. New Hol- 

 land. 1820. 



CARPODI'SCUS. Sweet Pishamin. (From 

 karpos , a fruit, and discos, a circle ; in 

 reference to the form of the fruit. Nat. 

 ord., Dogbanes [Apocynaceae]. Linn., 

 5-Pentandria, \-Monogynia. Allied to 

 Carissa). Stove shrub. Cuttings of 

 half-ripened shoots, in heat ; loam and 

 peat. Summer temp., 60 to 85 ; win- 

 ter, 50 to 65. 



C. dulcis (sweet). 8. Green. June. Sierra 

 Leone. 1822. 



CARPOLY'ZA. (From karpos, a fruit, 

 and lyssa, rage ; in reference to the three- 

 celled fruit or seed -pod opening like the 

 mouth of an enraged animal. Nat. ord., 

 Amaryttids [Amaryllidaceae]. Linn., 6- 

 Hexandria, \-Monoyynia. Allied to 



