EL.E [ ;j 



E. Songu f ricus(Songatiari). Pale yellow. July. 

 Siberia. 1821. 



triflo'rus (three-flowered). White. July. 



Nepaui. 1825. 



umbelta'tua (urnbelled). White. July. Ne- 



paui. 1829- 



EL.EOCA'RPUS. (From daia, the olive, 

 and /earpos, fruit ; resemblance of fruits. 

 Nat. ord., Lindenblooms [Tiliaeere]. 

 Linn., \\-Dodecandrla, l-Monoyynia.') 



The rough bony fruit, or stone, divested of 

 the pulp and polished, make handsome neck- 

 laces. Evergreens, with white flowers. Seeds 

 in a hotbed in spring ; cuttings of ripened young 

 shoots, with the leaves attached, in sandy soil, 

 under a bell-glass, and bottom-heat ; loam and 

 a little fibry peat. Summer temp., 60 to 80; 

 winter, 50 to 55 ; E. cya'neus, winter, 35 to 45. 

 E.cya'neus (bine-fruited). 10. July. New 

 Holland. 1803. 



grandiflo'rus (large-flowered). 20. East 



Indies. J829. 



serra'tus (saw-edge-feotwd). 20- East In- 



dies. 1774. 



EL.EODE'NDRON. Olive Wood. [From 

 elaia, olive, and dendron, a tree ; allud- 

 ing to the resemblance. Nat. ord., 

 Spindle-trees [Celastracese]. Linn., o- j 

 Pentandria 1-Monoyynia. Allied to ! 

 Hartogia.) 

 For culture see Elatoca'rpus. 



GREENHOUSE EVERGREENS. 

 E. austra'le (southern). 3. Green, white. July. 

 New South Wales. 1796. 



Cape'nsc (Cape). 18. Green, June. Cape 



of Good Hope. 1828. 



cro'ceum (rusty). White. June. Cape of 



Good Hope. 1794. 



^-integrifo'lium (entire-leaved). 3. Green, 

 white. July. New Holland. 



STOVE EVERGREENS. 



E. gluu'citm (milky-green). 6. Green. Ceylon. 

 1824. 



orienta'le (Eastern). 12. Green, yellow. 



Mauritius. 1771. 



xyloca'rpum (wood-fruited). 3. Green, 



yellow. Antilles. 1810. 



ELA:THAGLO'SSUM. See Ol/e'rsia. 



ELA'IS. The Oil Palm. (From elaia, 

 the olive ; similarity of expressing oil 

 from the fruit, Nat, ord., Palms, [Pal- 

 maceoj]. Linn., 22-Dicccia 0-Hexandria. 

 Allied to Cocos.) 



The best kind of palm wine is from this palm. 

 Palm oil, so much used in the manufacture of 

 soap, and as a sort of grease, is chiefly the pro- 

 duce of E. Guincensis and melanococca. Stove 

 Palms, with greenish-white flowers. Suckers 

 and seeds ; rich sandy soil. Summer temp., 

 <JO to 85 ; winter, 55 to 60. 



E. Guinee'nsis (Guinea). 30. Guinea. 1/30. ! 



melanoco'cca (black-seeded). 30. New Gre- 



nada. 1821. 

 23 



J ] ELD 



E.occidcnta'lis (western). 30. Jamaica. 1820. 

 j Pernambuca'na (Pernambuca). 50. Brazil. 



1825. 



specta'hilis (showy). East Indies. 1831. 



ELDER. (Sambii'cus ni'yra.) 



Varieties. There are several kinds 



j in cultivation, but the old 8. nigra is in 



j most general esteem, being the best 



adapted for wine making. The White- 



1 berried (8. albida} is much esteemed 



by some, especially as an ornamental 



shrub. S. viridis, or the Green-berried, 



and 8. nigra variegata, the Silver-striped, 



and S. nigra aurea, the Golden-edged, 



are interesting varieties. We have 1^ 



received one with scarlet berries, 



to be very handsome. Most of the 



varieties of S. nigra are ornamental, 



and Avell adapted to assist in forming 



skreens to the exterior of small gardens, 



or even as hedge-row fruits. 



Propagation. Generally by cuttings, 

 which strike easily, even as large trun- 

 cheons. They are readily produced, 

 also, by suckers, and in all these cases 

 care should be taken to cut away from 

 the stem those buds which are to be 

 placed below the ground. They are 

 easily produced from seed, and by such 

 means varieties may be obtained. 



Soil. They will thrive in almost 

 any ordinary soil ; still they prefer an 

 upland light loam, containing a fail- 

 amount of vegetable matter. 



Culture. The form will depend on 

 the situation it is to occupy. The elder 

 will bear fruit either as a huge bush, 

 or as a small tree, provided the prepa- 

 ratory course of training is properly 

 carried out. Those for fruiting as 

 bushes, should be formed almost as a 

 gooseberry-bush, in its earlier stages, 

 keeping the centre somewhat thin. 

 Indeed, thinning out superfluous shoots 

 is nearly all that can be practised. 

 Those for standard trees, or with stems, 

 must be trained by clearing away side- 

 shoots, and forming a head at a higher 

 level. About five or six feet is com- 

 monly allowed for stem height, and 

 the head must then be formed as re- 

 commended for the bushes. They 

 require scarcely any subsequent 'cul- 

 ture, and will endure for many years. 



Fruit. The making of elder wine is 

 the principal use. Elder flowers are 

 used occasionally to flavour confections. 



. 2 A 



