FRA 



[ 399 ] 



FRA 



to the number of lights, matting for 

 shading and sheltering must be at 

 hand. The usual mode of covering at 

 night is by laying on mats, and over 

 these litter, in thickness according to 

 the severity of the season. Some gar- 

 deners lay hay immediately in contact 

 with the glass, and over this the mats. 

 Every person conversant with these 

 modes of shelter is aware of their in- 

 convenience. In rainy weather they 

 soon become wet, and rapidly chill the 

 beds; added to which, the trouble 

 caused in placing and removing them, 

 and the danger to the glass from the 

 stones laid on as a resistance to the 

 wind, are by no means inconsiderable. 



Mr. Seton, to obviate these inconve- 

 niences, employs a particular covering, 

 which he constructs of four laths, two 

 of such a length as to exceed a little 

 that of the frame, and the others in a 

 similar manner that of its breadth. 

 These are bound together at right an- 

 gles, so as to form a parallelogram of 

 the form and size of the frame ; and 

 pieces are bound across this at a foot 

 apart from each other. Over this a 

 mat is spread, and over the mat a layer 

 of straw is fastened, laid on level like 

 thatch, from three to six inches thick, 

 as may appear necessary. If the breadth 

 of the frame is, or exceeds, four feet, it 

 is best to have the covering in two 

 parts, otherwise it becomes weak and 

 unwieldy. These pannels, as they may 

 be called, Mr. Seton also employs in 

 preserving tender plants through the 

 winter. A pit of frames, earthed up all 

 round, and covered with one of them, 

 or two or three if needful, is com- 

 pletely impervious to frost. 



Substitutes for glass. Oiled paper was 

 formerly employed ; but this has been 

 superseded by linen dressed with Whit- 

 ney's or Tanner's compositions ; or the 

 gardener may employ the following 

 preparation : Old pale linseed oil, 

 three pints ; sugar of lead (acetate of 

 lead), one ounce; white resin, four 

 ounces. Grind the acetate with a little 

 of the oil, then add the rest and the 

 resin. Incorporate thorougly in a large 

 iron pot over a gentle fire ; and, Avith a 

 large brush, apply hot to a fine calico 

 stretched loosely previously, by means 



of tacks, upon the frame. On the fol- 

 lowing day it is fit for use, and may be 

 either done over a second time, or 

 tacked on tightly to remain. Garden- 

 ers' Chronicle. 



The quantity made according to this 

 recipe will be sufficient for about 100 

 square feet of calico. 



FKANCISCE'A. We have referred the 

 species to Brunsfelsia. 



FBANCO'A. (Named after F. Franco, 

 a Spaniard. Nat. ord., Francoads [Fran- 

 coaceae]. Linn., 8-Octandria -i-Tetra- 



Hardy herbaceous perennials, natives of Chili, 

 and impatient of wet under cultivation. A few 

 plants should be kept in cold frames, to replace 

 such as die off during severe winters. Seeds, in 

 a slight hotbed, in spring ; plants hardened off 

 and then transplanted; dry sandy loam suits 

 them best. In severe weather, they are worth 

 the labour of sticking a few evergreen boughs 

 round them. 



F. appendicula 1 ta (appendaged) . 2. Purple. 

 July. 1830. 



ramo'sa (branched). 2. White. July. 1831. 



sonchifo'lia (Sowthistle-leaved). 2. Purple: 



July. 1830. 



FKANKE'NIA. Sea Heath. (Named 

 after Frankenius, a Swedish botanist. 

 Nat. ord., Frankeniads [Frankeniacese] . 

 Linn., Q-Hexandria 1-Monogynia.) 



Small plants found chiefly near the sea, more 

 curious than pretty, though useful for rock- 

 works, or for a collection of Alpines. Seeds, 

 cuttings, and dividing the roots ; sandy loam, 

 and a little peat. 



HALF-HARDY EVERGREEN TBA1LERS. 



F. ericifo'lia (Heath-leaved). $. Bed. July. 

 Canaries. 1816. 



nodiflo'ra (knot-flowered). ^. Flesh. June. 



Cape of Good Hope. 1818. 



pauciflo'ra (few-flowered). 1. Pink. July. 



New Holland. 1824. 



HARDY EVERGREEN TRAILERS. 



F. corymbo'sa (corymbose). . Red. July. 

 Barbary. 181Q. 



hirsu'ta (hairy). $. Light blue. July. 



Siberia. 178Q. 



interme'dia (intermediate). . White. 



July. South Europe. 1817. 



lee' vis (smooth). . Flesh. July. England. 



mo' His (soft). . Red. July. Caucasus. 



1824. 



No'thria (Nothria). . Flesh. July. Cape 



of Good Hope. 1816. 



pulverule'nta (powdery). . Red. July. 



England. Annual. 



FRANKINCENSE. Pi'nus t&'da. 



FRA'SERA. (Named after John Frascr, 

 botanical collector in North America. 

 Nat. ord., Gentianworts [Gentianaceee]. 



