GRA 



C 407 J 



GBA 



single bud will make a plant, provided 

 the stocks are kept in a damp and 

 shady atmosphere for a lew weeks after 

 grafting. The stock here, also, should 

 be slightly in advance, that is, should 

 be forwarder in growing than the graft 

 or scion. The best time is just as 

 the sap is rising. 



3. CLEFT GRAFTING, as represented 

 in this sketch, is only a kind 



of crown grafting, and is prac- 

 tised on stocks one or two 

 inches in diameter, and, 

 therefore, too large for whip 

 grafting. Cut or saw off the 

 head of the stock in a sloping 

 form ; with a knife or chisel 

 cleave the stock at the top, 

 making the cleft about two 

 inches deep ; keep it open by 

 leaving in the chisel ; cut 

 the lower end of the scion into the 

 form of a wedge, one inch and a half 

 long, and the side that is to be towards 

 the middle of the stock sloped off to a 

 fine edge; place the bark of the thickest 

 side of the wedge-end of the scion so 

 as to correspond exactly with the bark 

 of the stock ; take away the chisel, and 

 then the sides of the stock will pinch 

 and hold fast the scion. Two scions 

 may be inserted, one on each side of 

 the cleft ; but in this case the top of 

 the stock must not be cut off sloping. 

 Bast and clay must be put on as in the 

 other modes of grafting. 



4. SADDLE GRAFTING. The top 

 of the stock is cut to a 

 wedge shape, and the scion or 

 graft cleft up the middle, and 

 placed astride on the wedge of 



the stock ; hence the name. 

 The binding and claying is per- 

 formed as in the other modes, 

 care being taken to make at 

 least one of the sides meet barfe 

 to bark. 



A modification of this mode is 

 practised in some of our cider 

 counties, where they do not hesi- 

 tate to practise it in the middle 

 of summer, when the young wood 

 has become somewhat mature. 

 The scion is chosen smaller 

 than the stock, and is .cleft 

 about three inches at the lower 



so that one side is rather 

 thicker than the other. The 

 rind of the stock is then opened 

 on one side, and the thick 

 side of the scion introduced 

 between the bark and wood ; 

 the thinner portion is carried 

 astride the stock, and down the 

 opposite side, a slight cutting 

 having been made to receive it, 

 on the principle of making cor- 

 responding parts meet. This, 

 though tedious, is a very safe 

 mode of grafting, inasmuch as it 

 presents a greater expanse of al- 

 burnum for effecting the j unction . 



5. SIDE GRAFTING. -This, in 

 neral, is performed on 

 trees on which the top 

 is required to remain, 

 and is well adapted for 

 the insertion of new 

 kinds of pears, or other 

 fruits, on established 

 trees, in order to increase 

 the collection, or to has- 

 ten fruit-bearing. It is 

 also adapted to furnish 

 naked portions of old 

 shoots. It is, however, not so safe a 

 mode as some of the others. Little 

 description is needed; the cut will 

 sufficiently illustrate it, 



0. CHIXK OR Shoulder Grafting. 

 This is not much in use in 

 this country, and, indeed, we 

 see little occasion for its 

 practice. "When the stock 

 and scion are equal in size, 

 however, it offers an opportu- 

 nity of gaining the advantage 

 of an extra amount of al- 

 burnous union. The cut will 

 explain it. 



7. ROOT GRAFTING. 

 An old practice, 

 but with regard to de- 

 ciduous fruit trees it 

 offers no particular 

 advantage over the or- 

 dinary whip grafting, 

 when performed near 

 to the ground. It is, 

 perhaps, better adapt- 

 ed for very large 

 scions, for in many 



