LIA 



[ 548 ] 



LIG 



L. turbina'ta (top-form). 2. Purple. Septem- 

 ber. 1823. 



LIBE'ETIA. (Named after M. A. Li- 

 bert, a Belgian lady and botanist. Nat. 

 ord., Irlds [Iridaceae], Linn., l(J-Mo- 

 nadelphia 1 Monogynia. Allied to the 

 Peacock Iris.) 



Half-hardy bulbs, with white flowers, thriving 

 well in a front outside border, if light soil. 

 Division of the roots, and sowing the seed, in 

 spring ; loam and peat. 



L.formo'sa (handsome). Ij. May. Chili. 

 1831. 



grandiflo'ra (large -flowered). 1$. April. 



New Zealand. 1822. 



panicula'ta (panicled). l. April. New 



Holland. 1823. 



pulche'lla (pretty). 1. April. New; Hoi- 



land. 1823. 



LTBOCE'DRUS. See Thu'ja. 



LICHTENSTEI'NIA. (Named after Von 

 Lichten stein, a German botanist. Nat. 

 ord., Umbellifers [Apiaceoe]. Linn., 5- 

 Pentandria 1 - Monogynia. ) 



Half-hardy herbaceous perennials, with blue 

 flowers, from the Cape of Good Hope. Seeds, 

 and division of the plant, in spring; sandy loam, 

 with a little leaf-mould ; require a cold pit in 

 winter. 

 L. IcEviga'ta (smoothed). 1. 1824. 



undula'ta ( waved- Jeawed). 1. July. 1814. 



LICUA'LA. (From the native name. 

 Nat. ord., Palms [Palmaceee]. Linn., 

 G-Hexandria \-Monogynia. Allied to 

 Corypha.) 



Stove palms from the East Indies. Seeds, in 

 strong hotbed ; rich sandy loam. Summer 

 temp., 60 to 80; winter, 60. 

 L.pelta'ta (shield-leafed). 6. White, yellow. 

 1825. 



spino'sa (spiny). 6. White, green. 1802. 

 LIDBE'CKIA. (Named after E. G. 



Lidbeck, a Swedish botanist. Nat. ord., 

 Composites [Asteracese]. Linn., 19- 

 Synyenesia 2-SupcrJlua. Allied to Las- 

 thenia.) 



Greenhouse evergreen shrubs with yellow 

 flowers, from the Cape of Good Hope. Cut- 

 tings of half-ripened short shoots, in April, in 

 sandy peat, under a bell-glass ; peat, with a 

 little fibry loam, and a few pieces of charcoal 

 and silver sand. Winter temp., 40 to 45. 

 L. loba'ta (lobed). 2. May. 1800. 



pectina'ta (comb-leaved). 2. May. 1744. 



LIEBI'GIA. (Named after Liebig, the 

 celebrated German chemist. Nat. ord., 

 Gesnerworts [Gesneraceoe]. Linn., 14- 

 Didynamia Z-Angiospermia. Allied to 

 ^Eschynanthus.) 



Stove evergreen shrub. Cuttings of the her- 

 baceous-like shoots, in sandy soil, in heat, in 



spring and summer ; sandy peat and fibry loam, 

 with a little dried dung. Summer temp., 60 Q 

 to 80 ; winter, 55 to 60. 



L, specio'sa (showy). 1$. White, purple. Sep- 

 tember. Java. 1845. 



LIFTING is sometimes used as mean- 

 ing the same as transplanting, and at 

 others merely to passing the spade 

 under a plant, and, by raising it up, 

 disturbing its roots to check its luxu- 

 riance. 



LIGATURES, twisted very tightly round 

 the small branches of trees, and the 

 stems of plants, to check the return of 

 their sap, and thus promote their fruit- 

 fulness, and the size of the fruit, are 

 much to be preferred to ringing, or 

 other removals of the bark, which 

 cause wounds and canker. Ligatures 

 should be removed as soon as the fruit 

 is ripened. 



LIGHT has a most powerful influence 

 over the health and life of a plant, 

 from the moment its leaves pierce 

 through the surface of the soil. If 

 absent, they become yellow, or even 

 white, unless uncombined hydrogen be 

 present, in which case they retain their 

 verdure. It deserves notice, that it has 

 been proved by the experiments of Dr. 

 Hope and others, that light from artifi- 

 cial sources may be concentrated so as 

 to enable plants to absorb oxygen, and 

 perfect those elaborations on which 

 their green colour depends; and the 

 light of the moon has a similar influence. 

 A similar concentrated light will make 

 the Pimpernel and other flowers, which 

 close until sunrise, open their petals, 

 and rouse from their rest ; a fact which 

 gives another reason why plants in 

 rooms frequented at night become weak 

 and exhausted sooner than those which 

 remain, as nature dictates, unexcited by 

 light. A deficiency of light decreases the 

 decomposing power of the leaves. For 

 this reason the best glass should always 

 be employed in the sashes of the hot- 

 house, conservatory, and other struc- 

 tures of the forcing department. But 

 the benefit sought for is frustrated, 

 if that glass be not constantly Avell 

 cleansed. The best glass, if dirty, allows 

 fewer rays of light to pass through 

 than inferior glass if kept bright. 

 Solar light is essential to the ripen- 



