LIV 



[ 559 ] 



LOB 



together like mortar ; and is said to be 

 livery, or like liver. 



LIVTSTO'NIA. (Named after P. Mur- 

 ray, of Livingston, near Edinburgh. 

 Nat. ord., Palms [Palmacese]. Linn., 

 (t-Hexandria 3~Trigynia. Allied to 

 Corypha.) 



Greenhouse palms from New Holland. Seeds 

 in a hotbed ; rich sandy loam. Summer temp., 

 60 to 80 ; winter, 50 to 60. 

 L. hu'milis (humble). 6. 1824. 

 ine'rmis (unarmed). 10. 1824. 



LLOY'DIA., (Named after Mr. Lhyd, 

 an English botanist, Nat. ord., Lily- 

 ivotis [Liliacese], Linn., 6-Hexandria 

 l-Monogynia. Allied to Calochortus.) 



Hardy biennial. Division of the bulbs in 

 spring ; a dry sandy loam, in front of a border 



of flowers. 

 L. stria' ta (streaked). Wbjte striped 

 Siberia. 1789. 



May. 



LOAM is a very indefinite term, al- 

 most every cultivator of the soil asso- 

 ciating it with a different explanation. 

 In some parts of England clay is so 

 called, and in others it is employed to 

 designate brick-earth .' As usually em- 

 ployed, it really is only synonymous 

 with the word soil ; for it has to be 

 qualified by the terms turfy, sandy, 

 clayey, and chalky, just as turf, sand, 

 clay, or chalk predominate. Hazel loam 

 is a rich friable soil, having a dark 

 brown or hazel colour, owing to the 

 predominance of decaying vegetable 

 matters. 



In this work we use the term ham 

 to describe a soil that is easily worked 

 at any season, being sufficiently reten- 

 tive, yet not too retentive, of water. 

 Maiden, loam is used often among gar- 

 deners to describe the fat earth form- 

 ing the top spit of pasture ground, and j 

 used by them for composts that with 

 a yellowish-brown colour is most pre- 

 ferred. Sandy loams are the easiest 

 worked, and yield the earliest produce ; 

 chalky loams, if the chalk does not 

 abound too much, are early and fertile ; 

 in fact, no soil will continue fertile, 

 without calcareous matter ; and clayey 

 loams are bad to work, either in wet or 

 dry weather, being wet and sticky 

 the one case, and hard and cracking in 

 the other. Fine late crops, however, 

 are produced from such soils, especially 



ley 



n 



when the surface is moved to prevent 

 cracking in hot weather. 



LOA'SA. (Meaning unknown ; pro- 

 bably a commemorative name. Nat. 

 ord., Loasads [Loasaceoe]. Linn., lfc<- 

 Po ly adelp h i a 2 -Po lyan dria . ) 



Curious flowers, that would be very interesting 

 were it not for the poisonous stinging property 

 possessed by the leaves. The annoyance and 

 danger combined have limited their culture. 

 They will all fare the better by being raised in 

 a gentle hotbed in April, though most of them 

 will flower freely if sown in a warm place the 

 end of that month ; but in a cold autumn they 

 would be cut down in their prime ; light soil. 

 ANNUALS. 



L. a'lba (white). 1. White. July. Chili. 1831. 



grandifto'ra (large-flowered). 2. Yellow. 



Peru. 1825. 



hi'spida (bristly). 2. Yellow. July. Lima. 



1830. 



ni'tida (shining). 2. Yellow. July. Chili. 



1822. 



pa 1 tula (spreading). 1. Yellow, July. 



Chili. 1827. 



Pla'cei (Place's). 4. Yellow. July. Chili. 



1822. 



volu'bilis (twining), ij. Yellow. June. 



Chili. 1824. 



GREENHOUSE BIENNIALS. 

 L. lateri'tia (red). 20. Red. May. Tucuman. 



1835. 



Pentla'ndii (Mr. Pentland's). 4. Orange. 



August. Peru. 1840, 



GREENHOUSE EVERGBEENS. 



L. inca'na (hoary). 2. White. October. 

 Peru, 1820. 



lu'cidu (bright-leaved). White. June. 



LOAVING. See Heading, 



LOBE'LIA. (Named after M. Lolcl, 

 a botanist, physician to James the 1st. 

 Nat. ord., Lobeliads [Lobeliaceee]. 

 Linn., b-Pentandria I-Monogynia.) 



Seeds of hardy kinds in open border, in 

 April ; greenhouse annuals and biennials by 

 seed, in hotbed, in April; herbaceous kinds, 

 whether hardy or requiring protection, by di- 

 viding the roots, or suckers, in spring, after 

 growth has commenced ; shrubby kinds by 

 small cuttings of the young shoots, indeed, all 

 of them may be so propagated ; sandy loam, 

 leaf-mould, and a little peat suit the tcnderest 

 kinds, and for the strong-growing herbaceous 

 sorts, such as splendens, and cardinalis, it is 

 scarcely possible to make the soil too rich by 

 top-dressings of rotten dung ; the soil itself 

 should be light. The finest of the species must 

 be kept in a cold pit or greenhouse during the 

 winter ; lacustris has been grown in peat and 

 gravel, in a pot, plunged in a cistern, or slowly- 

 running stream. 



HARDY ANNUALS. 



Li a'nceps (two-edged), i- Blue. June, Cape 

 of Good Hope. 1818. 



