TIN 



TOB 



white with black dots on the upper 

 wings. Eggs deposited in June and 

 July near the blossom buds of the 

 hawthorn, euonymus, apple and pear 

 tree; caterpillars appear in autumn, 

 and inclose the twigs with a web. In 

 the following spring they attack the 

 petals and calyx. Colour, dull lead 

 with a black head. 



T. derckc'lla. Pear Tree Blister 

 Moth. The caterpillars of this raise 

 dark brown blisters on the leaves of 

 the pear tree, and less often on those 

 of the apple. The rnoth is active and 

 minute, shining like pearly satin, the 

 wings having an orange ground spotted 

 with black and other colours. It 

 appears in May. Mr. Curtis says, 

 "To check this disease, it will be ad- 

 visable to wash the tree with soapsuds 

 the end of May or beginning of June, 

 when the moths are pairing and laying 

 eggs for a future progeny ; and if a 

 very valuable tree be only partially 

 attacked, the blistered leaves might be 

 gathered and burnt as soon as any 

 spots began to appear in August." 



T. capite'lla. Triple-spotted Currant 

 Tinea. The larvee of this- feed upon 

 the pith of the young shoots of the 

 currant, which they attack in the spring. 

 The moth itself is fuscous ; the head 

 with an ochreous tuft; superior wings 

 bronzed, spotted with purple and 

 yellow. 



T. porecte'lla. Rocket or Greystreak 

 Moth, has its habits and forms thus 

 described by Mr. Curtis : 



During the middle and latter end of 

 April, as the shoots of the rockets 

 advance, it is found that the leaves 

 adhere firmly together, and those that 

 liberate themselves are perforated with 

 large holes. On forcibly opening a 

 shoot, for the young leaves are con- 

 nected by silken threads, a small green 

 caterpillar of different shades, varying 

 with its age, is found in or near the 

 centre, feeding upon the tender leaves, 

 and sometimes a little family of four or 

 five inhabit the same head. The head, 

 feelers, and horns of our little moth 

 are white, the latter with a few black 

 spots near the tips ; thd thorax is 

 cream-coloured, the sides brown, upper 

 wings lance-shaped, very pale clay 



brown, with whitish streaks. Perhaps 

 the best mode of extirpating them 

 would be to search for the young cater 

 pillars between the leaves, on the first 

 symptoms of their presence, and ex- 

 tracting them with a small pair of for- 

 ceps, such as are used for microscopic 

 objects ; but as some might be too 

 minute at that early period to be de- 

 tected on the first search, this operation 

 must be repeated. Pinching the mag- 

 gots in the bud is also recommended. 



T. cortice'lla. See Apple. 



TI'PULA. Crane Fly or Daddy-long- 

 legs. T. olera'cea, the grubs or "leather 

 jackets," so injurious to the market 

 gardener, are its larvee. They attack 

 the roots of scarlet beans, lettuces, 

 dahlias, potatoes, &c., from May to Au- 

 gust. During the last month and Sep- 

 tember they become pupce. Mr. Curtis 

 observes, that It is said that lime- 

 water will not kill them, and suggests 

 that if quick-lime was scattered on the 

 ground at night, it would destroy them 

 when they come to the surface to feed ; 

 and all the gnats that are found on the 

 walls, palings, ground, or elsewhere, 

 should be killed, especially the female, 

 which would prevent any eggs being 

 deposite d in the ground. A mixture of 

 lime and gas-water, distributed by a 

 watering-pot over grass, has completely 

 exterminated the larvae where they had 

 been exceedingly destructive ; and by 

 sweeping the grass with a bag-net, like 

 an angler's landing-net, only covered 

 with canvas, immense numbers of the 

 gnats might be taken and destroyed. 



TITHO'KIA. (From Tithonus, in my- 

 thology, the favourite of Aurora. Nat. 

 ord.^ Composites [Asteraceee]. Linn., 

 \9-Synrjenesia 3-Fruslranea. Allied to 

 Helianthus.) 



Stove, yellow - flowered evergreens, from 

 Mexico. Cuttings of young shoots, a little 

 firm at their base, in sand, under a bell-glass, 

 and in a little bottom-heat ; rich, sandy, fibry 

 loam. Winter temp., 50 to 55 ; summer, 60 

 to 80. 



T. exce'lsa (tall). August. 1824. 



ova'ta (egg-leaved). 4. July. 1828. 



tagetiflo'ra (Marigold- flowered). L 10. Au- 



gust. 1818. 



TOAD-FLAX. Lina'ria. 

 TOBACCO. Nicotia'na, whether in the 

 form of snuff, or its decoction in water, 



