TOB 



[ 877 ] 



TOD 



or its smoke whilst burning, is very 

 destructive to insects. 



Tobacco paper is paper saturated with 

 the decoction of tobacco, and when 

 burnt emits a fume nearly as strong. 

 It is an easy mode of generating the 

 smoke. Whenever plants are smoked 

 they should be done so on two following 

 nights, and then be syringed the fol- 

 lowing morning. Mr. Cameron says : 

 I have always found tobacco paper the 

 most efficacious substance to fumigate 

 with, for destroying the aphis without 

 doing any injury to the plants ; if the 

 house is not filled too rapidly with 

 smoke, and is allowed to reach the 

 glass, without coming in contact with 

 any of the plants, it then descends as 

 it cools, without doing any injury. 

 Plants fumigated in frames, or under 

 hand-glasses, are most liable to be in- 

 jured by the heat of the smoke, if 

 not done cautiously. There is a spu- 

 rious kind of tobacco paper sometimes 

 offered in spring by the tobacconists, 

 apparently made to meet the increased 

 demand, and this kind of paper will 

 bring the leaves off plants, without 

 killing many of the aphides. It is of a 

 lighter colour than the genuine sort, 

 and may be readily detected by the 

 smell being very different. Foliage 

 should be perfectly dry when a house 

 is fumigated, and should not be sy- 

 ringed till next morning. If plants 

 are syringed immediately after fumi- 

 gation, many of the aphides will recover 

 even when they have dropped off the 

 plants, a fact which any one may soon 

 prove after fumigating a house. 



Another very simple mode of fumi- 

 gating plants in frames, and under 

 hand-glasses turned over them for the 

 purpose, is as follows : " Dissolve a 

 table spoonful of saltpetre in a pint of 

 water; take pieces of the coarsest 

 brown paper, six inches wide, and ten 

 inches long, steep them thoroughly in 

 the solution, dry them and keep till 

 wanted. To fumigate, roll one of the 

 pieces into a pipe like a cigar, leaving 

 the hollow half-an-inch in diameter, 

 which fill with tobacco, twist one end 

 and stick it into the soil, light the 

 other, and it will burn gradually away 

 for an hour or more." 



Tobacco smoke should not be ad- 

 mitted to fruit trees when in bloom, 

 nor when the fruit is ripening, as it 

 imparts to them a flavour. See Fumi- 

 gating and Fumigator. 



Tobacco Water is usually made from 

 what is known as Tobacconists' Liquor, 

 being a liquor expressed by them, and 

 full of ammonia and the acrid oil of 

 the plant. To every gallon of this add 

 five gallons of water. This mixture 

 with Read's garden syringe may bo 

 sprinkled over the trees, putting it on 

 with the finest rose, and being careful 

 to wet all the leaves. This operation 

 is to be performed only in the hottest 

 sunshine, as the effect is then much 

 greater than when the weather is dull ; 

 five gallons of liquor reduced as above 

 stated, cleanses seventeen peach and 

 nectarine trees, averaging seventeen 

 feet in length, and twelve in height. 

 The black glutinous aphis, provincially 

 called blight, so destructive to the 

 cherry trees, and, in fact, every species 

 of aphis, is destroyed in the same way 

 with equal facility; the grubs which 

 attack the apricot, may be destroyed 

 almost instantly by immersing the 

 leaves infested in this liquor. 



As the tobacconist's liquor cannot be 

 obtained always, tobacco water may be, 

 in such case, made by pouring half-a- 

 gallon of boiling water upon one ounce 

 of strong tobacco, and allowing it to 

 remain until cold, and then strained. 



TOCOYE'NA. (Name in Guiana. Nat. 

 ord., Cinchonads [Cincbonacese]. Linn., 

 b-Pentandria l-Monogynia. Allied to 

 Posoqueria.) 



Stove evergreen shrub. Cuttings of half- 

 ripened shoots, in sandy soil, under a glass, in 

 heat, in May ; fibry peat, a little lumpy loam, 

 sand, and charcoal. Winter temp., 50 to 60; 

 summer, 60 to 85. 



j T. longiflo'ra (long- flowered). 6. Yellow. 

 Guiana. 1826. 



TO'DEA. (Named after H. J. Tode, 

 a German student of ferns. Nat. ord., 

 Ferns [ Polypodiacese ] . Linn., 24- 

 Cryptogamia I-Filices. Allied to Os- 

 munda.) 



Greenhouse, brown-spored Ferns. See Ferns. 



T. Africa'na (African). 2. June. Cape of 

 Good Hope. 1805. 



Austra'lis (southern). 2. New Holland. 1831. 



pellu'cida (transparent). New Zealand, 1842. 



