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THE 



vinces me, that a dogmatic adherence 

 to this or that given period of the year 

 is just as bad and unphilosophical as 

 the old prejudice in favour of planting 

 all kinds of evergreens late in the 

 spring. That vast assemblage of ever- 

 greens belonging to the natural order 

 Conifers, from the Cedar of Lebanon 

 down to the trailing juniper, should be 

 planted from the middle of July to the 

 beginning of October, according to the 

 weather after St. Swithin's day. No- 

 vember, on the other hand, is as good 

 a time as can be to remove evergreens 

 of all kinds, prodded that large balls 

 of earth be removed with them. Hol- 

 lies, Laurustinus, Alaternus, Phillyreas, 

 and Tree Sox, will transplant as well 

 in May and June as at any other time 

 of the year of that I am quite cer- 

 tain ; I have removed hundreds of them 

 in May and June without losing a twig. 

 On the other hand, all these, and many 

 more besides, will answer as well if 

 planted early in November, but that is 

 no reason for giving up the old plan of 

 late spring planting such evergreens as 

 do well at that time, although we need 

 not do so from choice. The whole 

 question amounts to this : All ever- 

 greens succeed if planted in the au- 

 tumn ; a great number of them will do 

 better from being planted in the au- 

 tumn, and will not transplant safely 

 except in the autumn ; while a large 

 portion of them may be planted every 

 day in the year with almost equal 

 success. 



November and May are the two 

 best months to remove Hoses. All the 

 young and tender ones in pots turn out 

 in May, but for all those on their own 

 roots, November is the best month to 

 remove them. 



TBA'PA. Water Caltrops. (From 

 caldtrapa, an ancient instrument in 

 warfare, with four spikes ; fruit armed 

 with four spikes or horns. Nat. ord., 

 Hippuriads [Haloragacess]. Linn., 4- 

 Tetrandria l-Monogynia.) 



Aquatics. Seeds ; good loam, in a tub or 

 pond of water ; N titans will do in the latter, 

 the others require the shelter of a greenhouse. 



T. bico'rnis (two-horned). White. July. China. 

 1790. Greenhouse perennial. 



bispinn'sa (two-spined). White. July.. Eut 

 Indies* 1832. Greenhouse biennial, 



T. no? tana (floating). White, purple. July, 

 Europe. 1781. Hardy annual. 



quadritpino'sa (four-spined). White. July. 

 E.Indies. 1823. Greenhouse biennial. 



TREVIRA'NIA. The following should 

 be united to Achlmenes. 

 A. pulche'lla (neat). Scarlet. August. Jamaica. 

 1778. 



TRAVELLER'S JOY. Cle'matis vita'lbu, 

 and C. vio'rna. 



TREE CELAMDINE. Socco'mu fru- 

 te'scens. 



TREE GUARDS. The following are 

 cheap and effectual. Stakes about the 

 thickness of the wrist, seven feet in 

 length, and tolerably straight, chopped 

 each a little tlat on one side, some iron 

 hooping, a little thicker than coopers 

 are in the habit of using for barrels, with 

 punched holes through it six inches 

 apart witb one hole near each end : 

 Nail this to the stakes on the chopped 

 side, one foot from the top of them, 

 and one foot from the bottom ; then 

 raise it, and bend it circularly round 

 the tree, observing that the hoops are 

 placed inside, nearest the tree; the 

 holes left at each end of the hoop are 

 then clenched up with a nail, and the 

 guard is complete. 



The following plan is somewhat 

 similar: Procure stakes of ash or 

 larch, six feet in length, or more if 

 requisite, and about two inches in dia- 

 meter, and bore holes through the tops 

 and bottoms, about one foot from each 

 end. Get a similar hole drilled up the 

 centre of a stake, and saw it off" in 

 lengths of two inches, or rather less ; 

 pass a strong wire or thick tarred string 

 through one stake, by the holes, at the 

 top and at the bottom, then pass it 

 through the hole made in one of the 

 two-inch pieces at each end, and then 

 through another stake, separating each 

 stake at top and bottom by a piece of 

 wood, until you leave enough to sur- 

 round the tree loosely, leaving plenty 

 of space for growth. Place it round 

 the tree, and fasten the ends of the 

 wire or string. This guard is much 

 the same as a cradle put round the 

 neck of a blistered horse, to prevent 

 his gnawing the irritated part. The 

 stakes merely rest on the ground, and 

 should be cut quite flat at the bottom, to 

 prevent their sticking into the ground. 



