1907 



GLEANINGS IN BEE CULTURE, 



689 



made by bee-keepers who have followed in 

 the wake of Quinby, Elwood, and Hethering- 

 ton in Central New York and elsewhere, 

 time and time again, but they were scouted 

 as being unorthodox. The fact that some of 

 the old advocates of open-end frames are now 

 beginning to acknowledge that they may be 

 better for brood-rearing in the spring is sig- 

 nificant. 



GOOD FOOD. 



Another fact that the backward spring 

 has jammed into us again is the value of 



food honey or sugar syrup, and lots of it. 

 ortunate it is for those bee-keepers who 

 had their lives will filled with stores. 



PROTECTION FROM THE PREVAILING W^NDS. 



Another fact was the value of suitable 

 windbreaks. Those of our colonies that were 

 protected by buildings, or a heavy growth of 

 evergreens, or a tight board fence, were in 

 very much better condition than those where 

 the piercing winds could sweep down upon 

 them. It is noticeable, also, that those bees 

 whose entrances face either north or west 

 suffered more than those facing the other 

 two points of the compass. 



GOLDEN ITALIANS THE CHIEF SUFFERERS 

 FROM SPRING DWINDLING. 



As heretofore, so this year, the golden Ital- 

 ians have suffered from spring dwindling 

 more than all the other bees in our yai'ds, 

 notwithstanding some of them were populous 

 the previous fall, with plenty of good stores 

 and protection. 



CAUCASIAN AND BANAT BEES. 



In this connection it seems to be quite clear 

 that the black races are good bees for a bad 

 spring. Our Caucasian and Banat bees are 

 in good condition. Considering the fact that 

 their native home is much colder than that 

 of the native Italians, it is not, perhaps, 

 quite so surprising. But we observe that the 

 leather-colored Italians — those from Northern 

 and Central Italy — held their own equally 

 well. 



THE JAMESTOWN EXPOSITION; THAT MIL- 

 LION-DOLLAR BEE OF THE EDITOR'S. 



The editor has just come back from the 

 opening of the Jamestown exposition, which 

 took place April 26. As he is a member of 

 the Ohio Commission, to look after the inter- 

 ests of Ohio at this exposition, he was given 

 exceptional opportunities to learn the facts. 



At the time of the opening there were but 

 very few of the buildings completed, and 

 fewer still with any exhibits installed. It 

 will be fully a month before some of the 

 buildings will be completed and the exhibits 

 in place. But when the exposition is once 

 ready it will be one of the best that the world 

 has ever seen. 



The naval display at Hampton Roads, just 

 adjoining the exposition grounds, on the day 

 of the opening, was probably the most mag- 

 nificent and imposing that the world has ever 

 seen. Indeed, experts have stated that it far 

 surpassed the naval display on Queen Vic- 

 toria's jubilee in 1887. The rumbie of the 



300 guns saluting President Roosevelt when 

 he came down to the exposition in the May- 

 flower was something terrific. The exposi- 

 tion grounds shook as if there were a small 

 earthquake. And why shouldn't they when 

 something like 100 men-of-war and some 40 

 first-class battleships in the bay were thun- 

 dering forth, not notes of war, but peace? 



The President's speech to his 54,000 people 

 brought down round after round of applause, 

 and the military columns that passed by in 

 review could not fail to stir up every loyal 

 heart. 



This exposition will be different from all 

 others in the fact that the great majority of 

 the buildings are permanent — not temporary 

 like those at Chicago, Buffalo, and St. Louis. 

 Instead of seeing a white city one sees actual 

 brick and stone construction. The whole 

 exposition has been laid out as perfect as any 

 city, and, in fact, it seems to be a part of 

 Norfolk, or, perhaps, will be; for be it known 

 that that city may be a rival to the great city 

 of New York, both in business and popula- 

 tion. This seems like a wild statement; but 

 some competent observers see no reason why 

 it may not some day be true. At the present 

 time it is regarded as the Seattle of the East. 



But this exposition differs again from all 

 others in that it gives a large emphasis to the 

 general subject of history. Hampton Roads 

 — in fact, this whole section of country — has 

 been the scene of three wars, and where, too, 

 many of their decisive conflicts have been 

 fought out. Incidents and scenes dear alike 

 to the North and the South were enacted 

 within plain sight of the exposition grounds. 

 In fact, right in front of them was fought the 

 historic battle between the Merrimac and 

 the Monitor; and so important was that bat- 

 tle that all naval warfare from that time on 

 was entirely changed. 



We suggest that the Western visitor go to 

 the exposition by way of Washington, stop 

 there for a day or two in that city of magnif- 

 icent distances with its historic associations; 

 then take the steamer down the Potomac; and 

 as the magnificent vessel glides down the 

 river, historic scenes greet one at almost ev- 

 ery turn — the church that Washington at- 

 tended, his home at Mount Vernon, the forts 

 that were literally tried out as by fire, in- 

 deed, the heart of every loyal American can 

 not help being stirred to its depths as he 

 takes this beautiful ride down the river and 

 bay where United States history, or a great 

 part of it at least, was made. 



Perhaps all of this may seem to be of but 

 little importance in a bee journal; but per- 

 mit us to say right here that the Jamestown 

 exposition will give a large emphasis to bee 

 culture. The Ohio exhibit, for example, in 

 the States Building, will be something that 

 will attract attention as being out of tne or- 

 dinary line. On the Warpath, as mentioned 

 in our last issue, Mr. Chas. Koeppen, of Fred- 

 ericksburg. Va., is preparing to make a mag- 

 nificent display of bee-demonstration work. 



Perhaps in this connection it will be inter- 

 esting to some of our readers to learn a joke 

 on the editor. He was introduced to a num- 



