212 Modern Riding and Horse Education 



out to the mare, " 3 minus i, Two," with emphasis 

 on the last word, and would discontinue saying 

 " two " when Trixie had learnt to pick up that 

 numeral every time he said " 3 minus i." Eventu- 

 ally she committed all the combinations to rnemory. 



Teaching the mare to distinguish colors Mr. 

 Barnes found easier than the foregoing. As soon as 

 the initial difficulty of fixing her attention and of 

 making her " take notice " at all was overcome, he 

 placed two colored rags on the ground, and taught 

 the mare by voice, at first accompanied by sign, to 

 pick out the one called for, rewarding or punish- 

 ing her for success or failure. The number of colors 

 was afterwards increased, and Trixie learnt to indi- 

 cate the shade of a tie or of a lady's hat. 



Count Martinengo Cesaresco admits that a horse 

 can be taught to distinguish between red and white, 

 but his method of instruction is rather drastic. He 

 dresses one man in red and another in white, makes 

 the red man beat the horse and the white man caress 

 him, and naively adds that the horse soon distin- 

 guishes the difference in color. 



Mr. Barnes claimed for Trixie the brain of a 

 child of six with all its limitations. She frequently 



