Appliances tor Morse-training ^2i 



are invariably used, and a noseband fastened below 

 the bit if required. When the longe is employed 

 for teaching the beginner to ride, the nose-band is 

 discarded. 



Some writers recommend longeing the horse with 

 the rein attached to one side of the bridle only. 

 There can be no question that the practice is wrong; 

 it at once teaches the animal to lean against one side 

 of the bit and spoils his mouth. Xenophon laid 

 down that the young horse should never be led with 

 the hand on one side of the bridle only for the same 

 reason, and it naturally follows that one-sided longe- 

 ing is even worse. 



The cavesson is certainly of great use for very 

 young horses, as they are weak, and therefore easy 

 of control. A thick leather nose-band will then 

 answer the purpose ; it offers the best means of lead- 

 ing a young horse about, which is the simplest act 

 of obedience we can ask of him. It can be used for 

 schooling a horse over fences, either just as it is or 

 with the addition of long reins. 



Enthusiasts for two reins say that a horse will 

 never go correctly on a circle on one only, because 

 the head is pulled in and the quarters driven out- 



