Further Training 257 



order to prevent him from " running back from the 

 bridle.'* The meaning of the leg is taught at the 

 same time by taps with a cane on the animal's side. 

 As long as this method is confined to teaching him 

 the meaning of the bridle it answers well. 



Baucher, the great master of Haute Ecole, in- 

 troduced a system of training on foot the basis of 

 which was to supple the horse's head and neck in 

 such a manner that when first mounted he would 

 move collectedly. Fillis, a disciple of Baucher*s, 

 improved upon the latter's methods by insisting on 

 a higher, though still a practically perpendicular 

 carriage of the head. The two main features of the 

 system advocated by these high-school riders may 

 be classed under the heads of direct flexion, i. e., 

 bending the horse's head in towards his chest, and 

 lateral flexion, i. e., bending the upper part of the 

 neck from one side to the other. I have endeavored 

 to show in the section on " What to Teach " how 

 the general utility of the animal will suffer if we 

 train him to adopt an unnatural profile — that is to 

 say, to move with his neck arched and his nose 

 tucked in to an exaggerated extent, and would here 

 warn the reader who wishes to use direct flexion that 



