102 THE WOl^LD'S MEAT FIXTURE 



A great many people in Brazil look upon beef as a product 

 bound to supersede the principal staple — coffee— never realising 

 that this product is bound to work together with cattle. The 

 fertilisers brought out by the new industry will be a splendid 

 contribution for the keeping of the coffee trees in better health 

 and for longer years. 



At the initiation of the National Agricultural Society 

 (Sociedade Nacionale de Agricultura), the first conference on 

 Brazilian cattle was recently held in Rio de Janeiro. Among 

 the many questions taken up were: — 



Probable origin of the different Brazilian breeds, causes of 

 their degeneration, and means of improving them. Mesological 

 influences on the various domestic animals in Brazil. Productive 

 capacity of Brazilian cattle mth reference to all modern 

 industries derived from it. World statistics, producing and 

 consuming countries. Study of the conditions of the consuming 

 world as to quality and quantity. Production and over- 

 production, supply and demand. Tastes of the consumer, and 

 the causes, whether permanent or temporary. Direct and 

 indirect, Federal, State and municipal assistance in the develop- 

 ment of the cattle industry and the improvement of its products. 



Thorough and eminently practical courses on all subjects 

 relating to cattle and subordinate industries. Formation of a 

 corps of veterinaries, bacteriological inspectors, and necessary 

 experts, to be attached to all establishments exploiting the 

 numerous secondary industries. 



Commercial transactions in cattle and products: large and 

 small companies: co-operation. Necessity to create standards 

 according to the requirements of the consumer. Elements that 

 must be taken into consideration in the location of establish- 

 ments for the manufacture of and commerce in cattle products : 

 application of natural forces in the oii.M-alion of plants; shippnig 

 ports, docks and railroad stations. 



Selection of different systems for the com])lete utilisation of all 

 by-products. Means of safeguarding the products for consump- 

 tion ; their preservation in the plants, during transportation and 

 at the distributing centres. Preservation of the various 

 products by artificial cold, preserving substances, heat, 

 evaporation, etc. Special study of all methods of refrigeration. 



Organisation of transportation service with a view to speed, 

 comfort of animals, preservation of products, sanitary require- 



