240 THE WORLD'S MEAT FUTURE 



The chief characteristics of the breed are the large hump on 

 the withers, the large loose folds of skin forming the dewlap 

 and the navel, and the long, drooping, pendulous ears. The 



head is also characteristic of this breed, as it is long, with a 

 forehead which recedes from the eyes to the horns, while the 

 bones forming the brow are prominent. The head tapers grad- 

 ually from the eyes to the nostrils, the horns are dark, short, 

 straight, heavy at the base, and point upward and backward. 

 The ears are very long, drooping, and are thin and oily, fre- 

 quently being almost devoid of hair. The eye is mild and sleepy, 

 but changes quickly when the animal is aroused. The neck is 

 of medium length and has heavy folds of skin forming an over- 

 developed dew*lap -wdth fulness at the throttle. The body is 

 deep but rather narrow, the hips are long, sloping, and narrow, 

 and the rump often droops toward the tail. The legs are long, 

 tapering, and show a strong bone free from coarseness. A very 

 lieavy sheath is developed, and in old bulls often hangs 9 in. 

 or more below the belly. The hump is large in the males, attain- 

 ing a height of 12 to 16 inches, but is not so well developed in the 

 females. The half-bred males may have a moderately developed 

 hump, but the half-bred females have none. Animals which 



contain as little as one-sixteenth Brahman blood usually show 

 some Brahman characteristics, especially in the shape of the head 

 and the loose folds of skin forming dewlap and navel. 



DIPPING CATTLE. 



The Benefit and Practicahilifn of Dippinrf Caiile on Large 

 Holdings. 



Mr. E. E. D. White, Bluff Downs, North Queensland, writes 

 me as follows : — 



"It is over twenty years since ticks first made their appear- 

 ance in the Burdekin waters, when we lost up to 60 per cent, of 

 our cattle from tick fever. Those that survived and their pro- 

 geny became immune to the fever, and this immunity remains 

 with the cattle on all country that continues to be badly infested 

 Avith ticks. So there are practically no losses from fever now. 

 But the extent of the loss we sustain annually through tick 

 worry is not generally realised. Although most cattle stations 

 now have dips, with very few exceptions, no systematic and 

 methodical attempts have been made to deal effectively with this 

 pest. 



