44 TYPES AND BREEDS 



neck, a responsive mouth, and a high order of intelligence in 

 order to qualify for the schooling which is required to make a 

 finished mount. His form is outlined by a short top and 

 long under line, and is characterized by the development of the 

 forehand. Shoulders shoukl be unusually long, sloping, and 

 extended into high, narrow, well-finished withers, which have 

 the effect of placing the saddle well back and holding it in that 

 position, without suffering injury from its impingement (Fig. 

 37). The greatly desired "long rein" and "much horse in 

 front of the rider '' are thus secured. Such a forehand will be 

 comparatively narrow and deep, thus permitting a secure and 

 comfortable seat without the spread of knees and thighs occa- 

 sioned by the full-made harness horse. 



The chief characteristics of the saddle horse stride are spring 

 and accuracy, both being most conducive to the comfort and 

 security of the rider. All gaits but the gallop and run are exe- 

 cuted in a collected manner, with only sufficient action to insure 

 freedom of stride. A well-schooled saddle horse should be 

 capable of a most finished performance ; he should change gaits, 

 canter on either lead or in a circle, back, traverse, or side step, 

 and be thoroughly responsive to the hand, rein, and heel. 



REVIEW 



1. Whj^ should a draft horse be low set, broad, deep, compact, and 



massive ? 



2. Explain how weight increases the power of the city draft horse. 



3. Describe the ideal draft horse bone; of what importance is it? 



4. How should the draft horse walk and why? 



5. What is the relation of speed to draft? 



6. What are the characteristics of the speed type and why? 



7. How may a trotter, a pacer, and a runner be distinguished without 



seeing them go? 



8. Describe the show type and J2:ive reasons for each feature. 



9. Account for the fact that an <S00 pound pony may carry a 200 pound 



man more easily than a 1200 pound horse can. 

 10. Describe the forehand of a typical saddle horse and give reasons. 



