RELATION BETWEEN HORSE AND MASTER 227 



as to secure tlie maximum return for every unit of energy ex- 

 pended, with always a reserve upon which to draw, if need be. 

 His horses are working or going well within themselves. An- 

 other, either by his ignorance or inconsideration, is always ex- 

 pending more of his horse's resources than is necessary to ac- 

 complish a given task, with the result that he is continually 

 overdrawing the amount of energy available, and his horses are 

 soon spent. 



Warming Up Slowly. — To suddenly open wide the tlirottle 

 of an engine or to throw to the last position, in one stroke, the 

 control lever of a trollej^ car is productive of great mechanical 

 injury, yet such abnipt application of horse power is common. 

 A new engine runs ^^ stiff '' till warmed up ; so does a Iku-sc, and 

 especially an unsound one. A horse starting on a day's work 

 or a road trip should havc^ the collar wanned and shaped to his 

 shoulders, his muscles actively contracting and extending, his 

 joints thoroughly lubricated, breathing and heart action grad- 

 ually accelerated, and bowels evacuated before he is called upon 

 for his best effort. In the reverse order he should be gradually 

 cooled and blown out before being put away at the conclusion 

 of the day's work or road trip. 



Notice to Drivers. — The following advice to drivers copied 

 from a large city stable is typical of what is sought in most 

 well-managed establishments: 



1. Walk your horses for ^ve squares going to and from the 

 stable. 



2. Water horses as often as possible. 



3. In case of a sick horse notify the stable immediately. 



4. Have your horses' manes and tails brushed, buckles 

 straight, and straps in keepers before starting. 



5. 'Reliable information of the ill treatment of any of our 

 stock by drivers will result in suspension and, in serious cases, 

 in prosecution. 



Trotting down hill is much more injurious to legs and feet, 

 though less fatiguing, than trotting up hill. A horse holds his 

 breath during extreme effort, as in pulling; one with a tube in 

 his throat will have his pulling power much impaired because 



