viii CONTENTS 



PAGE 



Properties 61 



Reactions .......... 61 



Microchemical tests 63 



Levulose or Fructose 64 



Properties 65 



Reactions 65 



Sorbose 65 



Galactose 65 



Preparation 66 



Properties 66 



Detection 66 



Mannose 67 



Detection 67 



Disaccharides ........... 68 



Cane sugar, sucrose or saccharose ... . .68 



Properties and reactions 70 



Maltose 71 



Properties and reactions 72 



Isomaltose 73 



Cellobiose 73 



Mycose or trehalose ......... 73 



Agavose and lupeose 73 



Lactose or milk sugar 74 



Trisaccharides 74 



Kaffinose 74 



Detection 75 



Melecitose 76 



Sugars of unknown molecular weight or sugar-like polysaccharides . 76 



Estimation of sugars 77 



Volumetric methods 77 



Estimation by means of Fehling's solution .... 77 



Estimation of pentoses 78 



Estimation of glucose .... ... 79 



Estimation of galactose and mannose .... 80 



Estimation of cane sugar ...... 81 



Estimation of maltose Si 



Estimation of mixtures of sugars 82 



Estimation by means of Pavy's solution .... 83 



Estimation by Benedict's solution 85 



Gravimetric methods ......... 86 



Estimation of pentoses ....... 86 



Estimation of glucose ....... 88 



Estimation of glucose as osazone 92 



Polarimetric methods 93 



Polysaccharides 96 



Classification 96 



Starches . 97 



Starch or amylum 97 



Preparation ......... 98 



Properties ......... 99 



Action of acids on starch . . . . . . 102 



Action of malt or diastase on starch .... 103 



Action of bacteria on starch 



Reactions 



Estimation 



103 

 104 



105 



