414 



INDEX 



Apospory in, Angiosperms, 273 ; 

 Ferns, 305. 



Apothecium, 239 (fig.), 240 (fig.), 

 241, 258 (fig.), 259. 



Apple (Pyrusmalus), 31, 55, 60, 137. 



Aquatic Fungi, 231, 236. 



Aquatics (excl. Algae), 69, 72, 146, 

 170-77 (figs.), 379 ; air- 

 canals of, 174 (fig.), 175, 176; 

 epidermis of, 91, 92, 93, 172 ; 

 land- and water- forms of, 175-7 

 (figs.) ; leaf of, 172, 177 

 (fig.) ; mechanics of, 88, 170, 

 171 ; pollen of, 361 ; stem of, 

 170-74 (figs.) ; stomata of, 

 101. 



Aqueous tissue, 94 (fig.), 159 (fig.), 

 1 60, 166, 167, 1 68 (fig.). 



Araceae, 408. 



Arachis hypogaa, 49. 



Araucaria, 336, 340, 345, 346, 347. 



Arbor- Vitae (Thuja), 336, 337 (fig.), 



347- . 



Archegonial chamber (of Cupres- 

 sineae), 348, 350 ; discs (of 

 Liverworts), 270 (fig.), 280. 



Archegoniatae, 407. 



Archegonium, 280 ; of Coniferales, 

 348, 349 (fig.) ; of Cycadales, 

 325 (fig.), 326, 327 (fig.) ; of 

 Filicales, 301 (fig.), 302, 303 

 (fig.) ; of Hepaticae, 280, 281 

 (fig.) ; of Musci, 280 ; of 

 Selaginella, 319, 320 (fig.). 



Archesporium, 282, 389 ; of Coni- 

 ferales, 348 ; of Filicales, 297, 

 299 (fig.) ; of Hepaticae, 282 ; 

 of Musci, 284, 285 (fig.) ; of 

 ovules of Angiosperms, 358 

 (fig-), 365 ; of stamens, 360 

 (fig.), 36i. 



Archichlamydeae, 408. 



Arctic plants, 63, 394. 



Arctium, collenchyma, 31 (fig.). 



Arenaria peploides, 94. 



Aril of Angiosperms, 359 ; of 

 Taxus, 346 (fig.). 



Aristolochia, 120. 



Arm-palisade, no, in (fig.), 343, 

 344 (fig.). 



Armillaria mellea, Plate II. 



Arrowhead (Sagittaria), embryology 

 of, 371 (fig.). 



Artichoke, Jerusalem (Helianthus 

 tuberosus), 44. 



Artificial nectary, 149 ; sea-water, 

 402 ; semi-permeable mem- 

 branes, 402, 403 ; stoma, 99. 



Artificial selection, 378. 



Arum maculatum, 112. 



Ascomycetes, 231, 238-45 (figs.), 

 259, 408. 



Ascospores, 240 ; development of, 

 245 ; of Ergot (Claviceps), 241 

 (fig.), 242 ; of Erysiphaceae, 

 243, 244 (fig.) ; of Eurotium, 

 243 (fig.) ; of Lichens, 260 ; 

 of Peziza, 240 (fig.). 



Ascus, 240 (fig.), 241 (fig.), 242, 243 

 (fig.), 244 (fig.), 245. 



Asexual reproduction, 212, 219, 

 229, 288 ; of Algae, 212-14 

 (fig.), 216-20 (figs.) ; of As- 

 comycetes, 238 et seq. ; of 

 Basidiomycetes, 245 et seq. ; 

 of Chlamydomonas, 182-4 

 (fig.), 188; of Coniferales, 344-8 

 (figs.) ; of Conjugatae, 216 ; 

 of Cyanophyceae, 216; of 

 Cycadales, 323-5 (figs.) ; of 

 Ectocarpus, 218, 219 (fig.) ; of 

 Equisetum, 312, 313 (fig.) ; of 

 Filicales, 295-300 (figs.) ; of 

 Fungi, 231 et seq. ; of Hepa- 

 ticae, 277, 282-4 (fig.) ; of 

 Lichens, 260 (fig.) ; of Lycopo- 

 dium, 315, 316 (fig.) ; of Musci, 

 277, 284-7 ( n g s -) ; of (Edo- 

 gonium, 216, 217 (fig.) ; of 

 Phaeophyceae, 218 ; of Phy- 

 comycetes, 232 et seq. ; of 

 Rhodophyceae, 228 ; of Sela- 

 ginella, 318 (fig.) 319 ; of 

 Ulothrix, 212-14 (fig-) J of 

 Vaucheria, 217, 218 (fig.). 



Ash (Fraxinus excelsior), 120, 122, 

 128, 129, 391. 



Asparagin, 50. 



Aspergillus, 242, 243 (fig.). 



Aspidium. See Nephrodium. 



Asplenium, 296 (fig.); A. bulbi- 

 ferum, 305 (fig.) ; A. ruta 

 muraria, 296. 



Assimilation. See Carbon dioxide 

 assimilation. 



Assimilatory stems, 88, 162 (fig.), 

 167, 178, 310. 



Assimilatory tissues of, aquatics, 

 202 (fig.) ; centric leaves, 165 

 (fig.), 166; cladodes, 159 (fig.) ; 

 Conifers, 342 (fig.), 343, 344 

 (fig.) ; dorsi ventral leaves, 

 107-11 (figs.) ; Ferns, 295, 

 298 (fig.) ; Fucus, 202, 225 

 (fig.) ; Liverworts, 273 (fig.), 

 278 (fig.) ; Mosses, 276, 284, 



