436 



INDEX 



Mandioc (Manihot utilissima), 43. 



Mangrove (Rhizophora) , 372. 



Manihot glaziovii, 157 ; M. utilis- 

 sima, 43. 



Mannose, 53. 



Manure, fermentation of, 261 ; use 

 of Algae for, 203. 



Maple (Acer campestre), 28, 130, 

 135 ; Cork, 141. 



Maple sugar, 124. 



Marchantia, 407 ; antheridia of, 

 279 ; archegonia of, 280, 281 

 (fig.) ; gemmae of, 270 (fig.), 

 2 73 ( n g-)> 277 i fertilisation of, 

 281 ; habit of, 270 (fig.) ; 

 sporogonia of, 281, 282 ; struc- 

 ture of, 271, 273 (fig.). 



Marchantiales, 407. 



Mare's Tail (Hippuris), growing 

 point of, 19 (fig.) ; leaf of, 

 177 ; stem-structure of 172, 



!73 (fig-)- 

 Margarine, 49. 

 Marine Algae. See Seaweeds. 

 Marram-grass (Psamma arenaria) , 



leaf-structure of, 92, 163, 164 



(fig-)- 



Marrow (Cucurbita), hairs of, 102 

 (fig.) ; phloem of, 29 (fig.), 82, 

 130 ; stem-structure of, 80-83 

 (figs.) ; tyloses of, 127 (fig.) ; 

 vessels of, 35 (fig.), 83. 



Marsh Cudweed (Gnaphalium uli- 

 ginosum), 375 (fig.) ; Marigold 

 (Caltha palustris), 72, 146, 356, 

 366 (fig.) ; Pennywort (Hy- 

 drocotyle), 115 ; - - Samphire 

 (Salicornia), 175 (fig.). 



Marsh-plants, structure of, 72, 100, 

 174, 175 (fig.). 



Meadow Rue (Thalictrum), stem- 

 structure of, 86. 



Meadow Saffron (Colchicum), 364. 



Meadowsweet (Spir&a ulmaria), 

 169. 



Measurement under the microscope, 



45- 



Mechanical elements and tissues, 

 27, 31-6 (figs.); of Ferns, 

 292, 293 (fig.) ; of Fucus, 202 ; 

 of leaves, 112, 114, 115, 166 ; 

 of Lyginopteris, 329, 330 (fig.) ; 

 of Mosses, 276 ; of roots, 69, 

 72, 73 ; of secondarily thick- 

 ened stems, 121, 123 (fig.), 125, 

 137 ; of young stems, 87, 88. 



Mechanics of, aquatics, 170, 171, 

 172; leaves, 92, 95, 112, 115, 



116; petioles, 115; roots, 

 6 9, 7 2 , 73 ; secondarily thick- 

 ened branches, 125, 137 ; young 

 stems, 87, 88. 



Medicinal plants, 48, 49, 60, 61, 155, 

 255, 276. 



Medulla (of Algae), 202, 225 (fig.). 



Medullary bundles, 86. 



Medullary rays, of Conifers, 340, 341 

 (fig.) ; of Lyginopteris, 328, 

 330 (fig.) ; of root, 132 ; of 

 secondary phloem, 130 ; of 

 secondary wood ,119 (fig.), 120, 

 122-4 (fig.), 128 (fig.) ; primary 



, 76, 77 (fig-), 78 (fig-), "8. 



Medullary sheath, 79, 124. 



Megasporangium, 318 (fig.), 319, 

 324, 325 (fig.), 328, 346. 



Megaspore, 321, 332 ; of Angio- 

 sperms, 357, 365, 373 ; of 

 Conifers, 348, 349 (fig.) ; of 

 Cycads, 325 (fig.), 326, 327 

 (fig.) ; of Lyginopteris, 331, 

 333 (fig-); f Selaginella, 318- 

 (fig-), 319. 



Megasporophylls, of Angiosperms, 

 3.54, 356; of Conifers, 347 (fig.); 

 of Cycads, 324, 325 (fig.). 



Meiosis, 305-7 (fig.). 



Melampyrum, 179. 



Melosira, 193 (fig.), 207 (fig.). 



Membrane, cell-, see Cell-wall ; 

 semi-permeable , 8, 9. 



Mendel's law, 383-7. 



Mentha piperita, 62. 



Menthol, 62. 



Mercurialis perennis, leaf of, 37 

 (fig.), 59 (fig.), 1 68, 169 ; petiole 

 of, 113 (fig.). 



Meristems, intercalary, 21, 199 ; 

 primary, 18-21 (figs.), 65, 79, 

 89; secondary, 117, 118, 135, 



137- 



Meristic variations, 374, 376. 



Merulius lacrymans, 252. 



Mesembryanthemum crystallinum, 

 94, 167. 



Mesophyll of, Angiosperms, 107- 

 12 (figs.) ; aquatics, 172, 177 

 (fig.) ; Conifers, 342 (fig.), 343, 

 344 (fig.) ; Ferns, 295, 298 

 (fig.) ; shade-leaves, 169 (fig.), 

 170. 



Mesozoic period, plants of, 322. 



Metabolism, 58. 



Metaxylem, 68, 69 ; of Ferns, 292 

 (fig.), 293 (fig.) ; of roots, 68, 

 70 (fig.) ; of stems, 78 (fig.), 79, 



